1	Recent Trends of Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in the Temperate Regions of North America Amy J. Benson U.S. Geological Survey Gainesville, Florida, USA
2	Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database Late 1800s Geographically referenced Added 30 species 2000-2003 1100 aquatic animals
3	Taxa Amphibians 42 Annelids 38 Coelenterates 27 Crustaceans 131 Fishes 610 Mammals 3 Mollusks 148 Reptiles 50 Sponges 7 Tunicates 19 Miscellaneous 15
4	Dreissena polymorpha First live mussel collected from Missouri River near Sioux City, Iowa in 1999 Discovered in the Zumbro River in Minnesota in 2000 Four lakes in Pennsylvania, spanning the state from west to east in 2000-2001 Found in a quarry used for recreational diving in Virginia in 2002, a first for the state Zebra mussels have been detected in over 336 small lakes independent of the large river impoundments The number of infested lakes Michigan, Wisconsin, Ohio, Indiana, and New York continue to increase
5	Lakes with Zebra Mussels Michigan 183 (44) Indiana 42 (13) Wisconsin 37 (13) Ohio 27 (20) New York 22 (15) Illinois 13 (3) Vermont 4 (3) Pennsylvania 4 (4) Connecticut 2 (1) Minnesota 1 (1) Virginia 1 (1)
6	Lakes with Zebra Mussels
7	Corbicula species Documented in Rhode Island in 2002, old samples go back to 1999 Documented in Massachusetts in the Charles River in 2002 Discovered recently in Colorado River in SW Colorado
8	Perna viridis Tropical, marine species Discovered at a truck weigh station looking for zebra mussels Minnesota DNR investigated Boat had come from Florida On its way to North Dakota via Minnesota
9	Potamopyrgus antipodarum Madison River, MT 2000 Gardner River, WY 2000 Yellowstone River, MT 2000 Pahsimeroi River, ID 2000 Buffalo River, ID 2000 Green River, UT 2001 Owens River, CA 2001 Missouri River, MT 2002 Colorado River, AZ 2002 Garrison Lake, OR 2002 Little Bear, Provo, Jordan, and Logan rivers, UT 2002 Bighorn River, MT 2002 Beaverhead River, MT 2002
10	Gymnocephalus cernuus 3 Ruffe caught in Lake Michigan in 2002 (First record) Still persisting in Lake Huron region (Thunder Bay River)
11	Neogobius melanostomus Muskegon River, Michigan in 1999 Lake Huron, Severn Sound, Ontario in 1999 Maumee River, Ohio in 1999 Bay of Quinte, Ontario in 1999 Lake Erie, Crystal Beach, Ontario in 2000 Des Planes River, Illinois (RM 285) in 2000 Lake Charlevoix, Michigan in 2000 Erie Canal (Tonawanda Creek portion in 2001) Saginaw Bay, Michigan 2001 Lake Ontario, Rochester Harbor in 2001 Green Bay (Lake Michigan) in 2001 Lake Huron at Port Dolomite, Michigan in 2002 Au Sable River, Michigan at Foote Dam in 2002
12	Hypophthalmichthys species
13	Bighead Carp Four taken from Lake Erie Cedar Point, Sandusky, Ohio 1995 Sandusky Bay, Ohio 2000 Unspecified location, Ontario 2000 Off Pelee Island, Ontario 2002 Illinois River River Mile 157.8 Peoria, IL
14	Silver carp Illinois River River Mile 157.8 (Peoria, IL) Mississippi River Missouri River
15	Bighead vs. Silver
16	Mylopharyngodon piceus March 2003 first specimen captured in the wild Caught by commercial fisherman Horseshoe Lake, Alexander County, Illinois Triploid Native of eastern Asia Molluscivore First imported incidentally with grass carp shipments, later as a food fish and biocontrol for a catfish parasite Escapes from a Missouri farm in 1994 Missouri but none recaptured
17	Snakeheads – Channa species Channa argus - collected hundreds in a Maryland pond in 2002, soon after eradicated Can reach 1.5 m Native to Russia, China, and Korea Imported as a food fish and later released in to the Maryland pond Five species collected in US C. argus (northern snakehead) C. maculata (snakehead mullet) C. marulius (bullseye snakehead) C. micropeltes (giant snakehead) C. striata (chevron snakehead) Channa marulius established in south Florida
18	Tinca tinca Member of the carp family Cyprinidae Can reach over 80 cm (32 in.) Native to most of Europe and western Asia Stocked nationwide as a food fish in the late1800s Still established in several states CA CO CT ID WA (DE MD NY) More recently documented from the Richelieu River and Lake Champlain
19	Pterois volitans Native from Australia to Japan to Micronesia Marine species associated with reef areas Aquarium introductions (?) Appear to be established based on the number of reports Impacts unknown Venomous with stinging spines
20	Crustaceans Bythotrephes longimanus 4 Ontario lakes in 2000 2 Michigan lakes in 2001 2 Ohio lakes in 2001 Echinogammarus ischnus Collected from the 4 lower Great Lakes Cercopagis pengoi Lakes Ontario (1998),Michigan (1999), Finger Lakes, NY (1999) Lake Erie at Presque Isle in 2002
21	Crustaceans Corophium lacustre Illinois River, 4 counties in 2003 Marine, native to western Atlantic Daphnia lumholtzi Lake Erie in 1999 Lake Pepin, MN in 1999 Willard Bay Res., UT in 1999 16 US States
22	Procambarus clarkii Red swamp crayfish are native to southern US Collected in Washington state in 2000 Has been in Maine for as long as 15 years Brought in incidentally with illegal baitfish 4 non-native crayfish species in Maine
23	Argulus japonicus Genus referred to as “Fish lice” and more specifically the “carp louse” Parasitic primarily on fishes (bloodmeal) Found worldwide, 23 species in US (fresh water and marine) A. japonicus native to SE Asia Introduced with shipments of goldfish Fox River in Wisconsin (1988) (Mills et al. 1993)
24	Hemigrapsus sanguineus Native to western Pacific from Russia, Korea, and Japan to China and Hong Kong Distributed from southern Maine to northern North Carolina May be displacing native crabs
25	Eriocheir sinensis Native to coastal China and Korea Range has not significantly changed for several years California coast (SF Bay) Washington Columbia River in 1997 No Oregon reports
26	Carcinus maenas Reported to have moved from Atlantic side to the Gulf of St. Lawrence side of Nova Scotia in 1998 Collected off Vancouver Island, BC in 1999 Maryland to Nova Scotia and California to British Columbia
27	Craspedacusta sowerbyi Hydromedusa is transparent and 5-25 mm in diameter and produce nematocysts Native to Yangtze River valley in China Found in Quebec back in 1955, and 1980 in Ontario (Peard 2002) Wide range of habitats but most common in slowing-moving or stagnant waterbodies Reproduce in late summer (at least 25oC) Most reproduction is asexual Imported with ornamental aquatic plants Established in most US states (First record in 1916 in a Kentucky creek) Can consume fish eggs; preyed on by crayfish Impacts unknown
28	Acknowledgements - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Sea Grant College Programs - Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters - State and Provincial Fish & Wildlife agencies - Others (too numerous to list!)
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