Merged Fact
Sheets
•Taxonomy:
–ITIS (link to species
report)
•Native Range:
–GSMFC
The grass carp is native to the middle and lower Amur River, the Sungari and Ussuri Rivers, and Lake Khanka, and to eastward flowing rivers of the People's Republic of China south to Guangzhou, Kwangtung Province (Courtenay et al., 1984).
The grass carp is native to the middle and lower Amur River, the Sungari and Ussuri Rivers, and Lake Khanka, and to eastward flowing rivers of the People's Republic of China south to Guangzhou, Kwangtung Province (Courtenay et al., 1984).
•Introduced Range
–US - USGS
Grass carp have been recorded from Alabama (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Boschung 1992; Kirk et al. 1994; Mettee et al. 1996); Arizona (Minckley 1973; Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991); Arkansas (Buchanan 1973; Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Zimpfer et al. 1987); California (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Dill and Cordone 1997); Colorado (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Woodling 1985); Connecticut (Whitworth 1996); Delaware (Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Raasch and Altemus 1991; Rohde et al. 1994); Florida (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay and Stauffer 1984; Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission 1989, 1994; Shafland 1995b);
Grass carp have been recorded from Alabama (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Boschung 1992; Kirk et al. 1994; Mettee et al. 1996); Arizona (Minckley 1973; Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991); Arkansas (Buchanan 1973; Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Zimpfer et al. 1987); California (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Dill and Cordone 1997); Colorado (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Woodling 1985); Connecticut (Whitworth 1996); Delaware (Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991; Raasch and Altemus 1991; Rohde et al. 1994); Florida (Guillory and Gasaway 1978; Courtenay and Stauffer 1984; Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission 1989, 1994; Shafland 1995b);
–Gulf of Mexico - GSMFC
Stanley, et al. (1978) noted that this species would likely reproduce widely throughout North America, once introduced. Despite efforts to limit its distribution in natural systems, its spread has been extremely rapid. In addition to the Mississippi, it is now established in Texas (Nobel et al., 1986), in the Ohio River (Jennings, 1989), and in the Missouri River system (Brown and Coon, 1991).
Stanley, et al. (1978) noted that this species would likely reproduce widely throughout North America, once introduced. Despite efforts to limit its distribution in natural systems, its spread has been extremely rapid. In addition to the Mississippi, it is now established in Texas (Nobel et al., 1986), in the Ohio River (Jennings, 1989), and in the Missouri River system (Brown and Coon, 1991).
•Life History
–Smithsonian
Loxothylacus panopaei and other barnacles of the order Rhizocephala are parasites on decapod crustaceans, whose juvenile and adult stages are radically different in form from free-living barnacles. Only the planktonic nauplius and cypris larvae link these organisms to the Cirripedia (Gissler 1884; Gould 1996).
Loxothylacus panopaei and other barnacles of the order Rhizocephala are parasites on decapod crustaceans, whose juvenile and adult stages are radically different in form from free-living barnacles. Only the planktonic nauplius and cypris larvae link these organisms to the Cirripedia (Gissler 1884; Gould 1996).
–GSMFC
Reproduction: B. amphitrite has been found to spawn continuously throughout the year in India (Daniel, 1958; Pillar, 1958). According to Costlow and Bookhout (1958), breeding was seasonal with a summer peak in temperate areas. In Australia, Egan and Anderson (1986) found the barnacles to breed during the spring and summer months. They also found B. amphitrite to reach reproductive maturity at 5.0 mm in length.
Reproduction: B. amphitrite has been found to spawn continuously throughout the year in India (Daniel, 1958; Pillar, 1958). According to Costlow and Bookhout (1958), breeding was seasonal with a summer peak in temperate areas. In Australia, Egan and Anderson (1986) found the barnacles to breed during the spring and summer months. They also found B. amphitrite to reach reproductive maturity at 5.0 mm in length.
