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| NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |
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Common Name: saltmeadow cordgrass
Synonyms and Other Names: S. patens var. juncea (Michx.) A.S. Hitchc. S. patens var. monogyna (M.A. Curtis) Fern.
Taxonomy: available through 
Native Range:
Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States.
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 Alaska |
Hawaii |
Caribbean |
Interactive maps: Continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, Caribbean
Nonindigenous Occurrences:
Established in Washington at Dosewallips State Park (Jefferson County) where eradication has proven elusive despite years of manual and chemical control (Murphy et al. 2007, D. Milne, pers. comm.). Introduced on Cox Island in the Siuslaw River, Oregon where it has been present since at least the late 1930's; probably introduced sometime before then in imported oyster spat (Frenkel and Boss 1988). Also documented in California's San Francisco Bay within Benecia's Southhampton Marsh as early as 1973 (Spicher and Josselyn 1985).
Documented in British Columbia at both Commox Harbor, Vancouver Island and Burrards Inlet near Vancouver.
Means of Introduction: Pathways for S. patens are largely unknown, but Frenkel and Boss (1988) speculate that seed may have accidentally been introduced into Washington and Oregon sites with packing material for crates containing imported eastern oysters (Crassotrea virginica).
Status:
Impact of Introduction: Thought to displace native plant species in California such as the endangered soft bird's beak (Cordylanthus mollissp. mollis) and pickleweed (Salicornia spp.), both of which serve as habitat for the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris).
Remarks: Covering with specialized landscaping cloth for a period of two years has been effective on small patches of S. patens on Cox Island.
References
Frenkel, R. E. and T. R. Boss. 1988. Introduction, establishment and spread of Spartina patens on Cox Island, Siuslaw Estuary, Oregon. Wetlands 8: 33-49.
Murphy, K.C., R.R. Taylor and C.H. Phillips. 2007. Progress of the 2006 Spartina eradication program. Olympia, Washington. Washington State Department of Agriculture. <http://agr.wa.gov/PlantsInsects/Weeds/Spartina/docs/SpartinaReport2006.pdf>
Spicher, D. and M. Josselyn. 1985. Spartina (Gramineae) in northern California: distribution and taxonomic notes. Madrono 32(3): 158-167.
Other Resources:
Author: V. Howard
Revision Date: 3/7/2008 Citation for this information:
V. Howard. 2010. Spartina patens. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL.
<http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=1128> Revision Date: 3/7/2008
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