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| NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |
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Common Name: diatom
Taxonomy: available through 
Identification: C. pseudostelligera varies greatly in morphology. It can display flat, slightly concave, or somewhat concentrically undulate valves. The valves’ central region may or may not display a ring of striae formed of very small pores. Silicification varies depending on silica content in the water. There may or may not be very short spines around the valve margins (Belcher et al. 1966; Lowe 1975; Alfinito et al. 2001; Scheffler and Morabito 2003).
In Lake Michigan, cells are single, cylindrical in shape, with short spines around the outside, and display somewhat concentrically undulate valves. The finely striated region around the valve margins measures half or less of the valve radius. The valve central region typically exhibits short striae arranged concentrically around one punctum, although it sometimes display no ornamentation (Stoermer and Yang 1969).
C. pseudostelligera can range in diameter from 2.3–12 µm (Belcher et al. 1966; Lowe 1975; Alfinito et al. 2001; Scheffler and Morabito 2003). In Lake Michigan the diameter ranges from 5–9 µm (Stoermer and Yang 1969).
Size: to 12 microns
Native Range:
Unknown. C. pseudostelligera is widespread. It is known from Europe, Russia, the United States, Africa, and South America (Hustedt 1939; Belcher et al. 1966; Williams 1972; Genkal 1977; Wawrik 1977; Czarnecki 1979; Ferrario et al. 1989; Mills et al. 1993; Eulin and Le Cohu 1998; Alfinito et al. 2001; Scheffler and Morabito 2003).
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Interactive maps: Continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, Caribbean
Nonindigenous Occurrences: C. pseudostelligera was recorded for the first time in the 1930s from Lake Michigan and now also occurs in Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Superior and the Sandusky River, which drains into Lake Erie (Stoermer and Yang 1970; Lowe and Kline 1976; Stoermer and Ladewski 1976; Mills et al. 1993; EPA 2008).
Ecology: C. pseudostelligera is small, grows quickly, and is typical of shallow, nutrient-enriched, well-ventilated, and often turbid aquatic habitats (Finney et al. 2000; Reynolds et al. 2002). In the Great Lakes it frequently occurs at river mouths (Stoermer and Ladewski 1976). C. pseudostelligera is typically considered pelagic, but it can be benthic, tychoplanktonic, epilithic, or epipelic.
C. pseudostelligera grows best at temperatures of 6–19°C (Stoermer and Ladewski 1976; Descamps-Julien and Gonzalez 2005). In Arizona it out-competes other species during periods of high light intensity (Czarnecki 1979; Eulin and Le Cohu 1998; Lim et al. 2001).
Means of Introduction: C. pseudostelligera was very likely introduced in ballast water to the Great Lakes (Mills et al. 1993).
Status: Established where recorded.
Impact of Introduction: Unknown.
Remarks: C. pseudostelligera has appeared in some alpine lakes in the Canadian Cordillera, where its presence is thought to indicate longer ice-free conditions and more stability in thermal stratification in recent years (Karst-Riddoch et al. 2005).
References
Alfinito, S., P. Cavacini, and N. Tagliaventi. 2001. The genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta, Thalassiosiraceae) in fresh- and brackish-water habitats of Latium and Molise (Central Italy). Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie Supplement 137:57-73.
Belcher, J. H., E. M. F. Swale, and J. Heron. 1966. Ecological and morphological observations on a population of Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hustedt. The Journal of Ecology 54(2):335-340.
Czarnecki, D. B. 1979. Epipelic and epilithic diatom assemblages in Montezuma Well National Monument, Arizona. Journal of Phycology 15(4):346-352.
Descamps-Julien, B. and A. Gonzalez. 2005. Stable coexistence in a fluctuating environment: an experimental demonstration. Ecology 86(10):2815-2824.
EPA Monitoring Data. 2008. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office.
Eulin, A. and R. Le Cohu. 1998. Epilithic diatom communities during the colonization of artificial substrates in the River Garonne (France). Comparison with the natural communities. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie 143(1):79-106.
Ferrario, M. E., R .G. Godina, and M. C. Damborenea. 1989. About some freshwater centric diatoms from Argentina. Iheringia Serie Botanica 39:55-68.
Finney, B. P., I. Gregory-Eaves, J. Sweetman. M. S. V. Douglas, and J. P. Smol. 2000. Impacts of climate change and fishing on Pacific salmon abundance over the past 300 years. Science 27:795-799.
Genkal, S. I. 1977. The fine valve structure of the diatom Cyclotella pseudostelligera, new record, Bacillariophyta. Botanicheskii Zhurnal (St. Petersburg) 62(6):909-910.
Hustedt, F. 1939. Diatomeenflora des Kustengebietes der Nordsee. Abh. naturw. Ver. Bremen. 31:572-677.
Karst-Riddoch, T. L., M. F. J. Pisaric, and J. P. Smol. 2005. Diatom responses to 20th century climate-related environmental changes in high-elevation mountain lakes of the northern Canadian Cordillera. Journal of Paleolimnology 33(3):265-282.
Lim, D. S. S., C. Kwan, and M. S. V. Douglas. 2001. Periphytic diatom assemblages from Bathurst Island, Nunavut, Canadian High Arctic: an examination of community relationships and habitat preferences. Journal of Phycology 37(3):379-392.
Lowe, R. L. 1975. Comparative ultrastructure of the valves of some Cyclotella species (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 11:415-424.
Lowe, R. L. and P. A. Kline. 1976. Planktonic centric diatoms from the Sandusky River, Ohio, USA. Pp. 143-152 in D. B. Baker, W. B. Jackson, and B. L. Prater (eds.) International Reference Group on Great Lakes Pollution from Land Use Activities. Sandusky River Basin Symposium, Tiffin, Ohio, USA, May 2-3, 1975. US Government Printing Office:Washington, D.C. 475 pp.
Mills, E. L., J. H. Leach, J. T. Carlton, and C. L. Secor. 1993. Exotic species in the Great Lakes: a history of biotic crises and anthropogenic introductions. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19(1):1-54.
Reynolds, C. S., V. Huszar, C. Kruk, L. Naselli-Flores, and S. Melo. 2002. Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 24(5):417-428.
Scheffler, W. and G. Morabito. 2003. Topical observations on centric diatoms (Bacillariophyceae, Centrales) of Lake Como (N. Italy). Journal of Limnology 62(1):47-60.
Stoermer, E. F. and J. J. Yang. 1969. Plankton diatom assemblages in Lake Michigan. Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, Special Report No. 47.
Stoermer, E. F. and J. J. Yang. 1970. Distribution and relative abundance of dominant plankton diatoms in Lake Michigan. Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, Publication No. 16.
Stoermer, E. F. and T. B. Ladewski. 1976. Apparent optimal temperatures for the occurrence of some common phytoplankton species in southern Lake Michigan. Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, Publication No. 18.
Wawrik, F. 1977. Phytoplankton species in newly constructed fish ponds, Waldviertel, Austria. International Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie 62(2):295-313.
Williams, L. G. 1972. Plankton diatom species biomasses and the quality of American Rivers and the Great Lakes. Ecology 53(6):1038-1050.
Author: Rebekah M. Kipp
Contributing Agencies: 
NOAA - GLERL
Revision Date: 7/3/2007 Citation for this information:
Rebekah M. Kipp. 2009. Cyclotella pseudostelligera. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL.
<http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=1672> Revision Date: 7/3/2007
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