| Impact ID | 4015 |
| Impact Type | Competition |
| Study Type | Observational |
| Study Location | Field |
| Impact Description | Starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa) impacts fish spawning by creating a physical barrier and restricting access to substrates used as nesting habitat. This reduces the nesting area, density of nests, and can lead to the elimination of spawning altogether in highly infested areas. |
| Reference | 19736 |
| Cost | |
| Location | MIchigan, USA |