| Impact ID | 9633 |
| Impact Type | Disease/Parasite/Toxicity |
| Study Type | Anecdotal |
| Study Location | N/A |
| Impact Description | While not documented for this species in the Great Lakes, adult digenean parasites tend not to severely impact their definitive host. Infection of first and second hosts may result in castration (due to invasion of host gonads) and decreased fitness (due to diversion of host energy to parasite nutrition). |
| Reference | 42748 |
| Cost | |
| Location | Great Lakes, USA |