Impact ID |
Scientific Name
|
Impact Type
|
Study Type
|
Study Location
|
Impact Description
|
Geographic Location
|
Reference
|
5757
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Smaller European eels, Anguilla anguilla, that fed primarily on invertebrates had a greater number of Anguillicola crassus
nematode parasites than larger eels that ate predominantly fish.
|
Loch Lomond, Scotland
|
40138
|
5761
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Only third and fourth stage larvae of Anguillicola crassus were found in the swim bladders of fish. These late stage larvae were previously thought to only infect eels.
|
Lake IJssel, Netherlands
|
40940
|
5762
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Anguillicola crassus nematodes removed from the swim bladders of smelt (Omerus eperlanus L) and ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus L) can infect European eels (Anguilla anguilla), indicating prey fish can transmit nematodes to eels.
|
Lake IJssel, Netherlands
|
40941
|
5768
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
Larger, older eels at the elver and yellow stages were more likely to have a severe Anguillicola crassus infections.
|
Chesapeake Bay
|
40149
|
5772
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Larger and heavier European eels, Anguilla anguilla, had higher Anguillicola crassus parasite infections.
|
Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
|
40145
|
6116
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
The paratenic host for Anguillicola crassus, the Eurasian ruffe, had the highest rates of infection in the summer. Also, smaller ruffe less than 8 cm had the heaviest infections.
|
Vista Lagoon, Poland
|
40933
|
6122
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Anguillicola crassus were found in the swim bladders of several fish species. When consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
Lake IJssel, Netherlands
|
40940
|
6133
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Anguillicola crassus larvae were detected in ruffes regurgitated by cormorants. The ruffe is a major component of cormorant diets. It was not clear whether cormorants select for infected fish.
|
Vistula Lagoon, Poland
|
40953
|
6135
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Laboratory tests indicate cyclopoid copepods in the Acanthocyclops vernalis–robustus–americanus complex are likely natural intermediate hosts for Anguillicoloides crassus.
|
Cooper River, South Carolina, USA
|
40955
|
6138
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Anguillicola crassus can infect black goby and ruffe. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
Oskarshamn nuclear power station, Baltic Ocean, Sweden
|
40965
|
6140
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Third-stage larvae Anguillicola crassus can infect and use Galba corvus as a suitable paratenic host. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
|
40973
|
6142
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In the Baltic Sea, deep-snouted pipefish and black goby were infected with stage 3-4 Anguillicola crassus larvae. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
Wismar Bay, Baltic Sea
|
40978
|
6146
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Third-stage larval Anguillicola crassus can infect amphibians and aquatic insects. This indicates that amphibians and larval aquatic insects can act as paratenic hosts. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
Bohemia, Czech Republic
|
40974
|
6147
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
In greenhouse cultured ponds, ostracod Physocypria nipponica were the only intermediate host Anguillicola crassus. The nematode larvae from ostracods can then infect Japanese eels.
|
Isshiki, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
|
40975
|
6159
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
European eel head morphology is correlated to diet specialization. Eels with broader heads consumed more fish. Eels with broader heads and consequently piscivorous diets were more likely to have Anguillicola crassus. This increased infection rate is likely the result of greater parasite exposure in paratenic hosts.
|
England
|
40996
|
6164
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
One Anguillicola crassus larva was found in the liver of a bighead goby from the River Danube. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
River Danube, Slovakia
|
41007
|
6167
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Anguillicola crassus were found to use ruffes and sunfish as a paratenic host. When these species are consumed, the infection can likely be passed to eels.
|
Upper Lake Constance, German
|
41016
|
6186
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In a recently invaded system, smaller European eels were more severely infected with Anguillicola crassus than larger eels. Smaller eels feed primarily on invertebrates, and larger eels feed primarily on fish. Diet and Anguillicola crassus infection rates appear to be linked in recently infected systems.
|
Loch Lomond, Scotland
|
41030
|
6194
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
A third of round gobies collected from the Rhine River were infected with Anguillicola crassus. The larval parasites were found in acanthocephalan cysts, which likely allows it to evade the gobies immune system. Using round gobies as a paratenic host is another route Anguillicola crassus can infect European eels.
|
Rhine River
|
41059
|
6338
|
Anguillicola crassus
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Silver stage eels collected from Lake Balaton were significantly more infected than yellow stage eels. This could be due to dietary shifts to piscivory before silvering, indicating eels with piscivorous diets are more likely to be infected with Anguillicola crassus.
|
Lake Balaton, Hungary
|
41015
|