Pluchea odorata var. succulenta
(Fernald) Cronquist
Common Name:
Sweetscent
Synonyms and Other Names:
salt-marsh fleabane, Pluchea purpurascens (Swartz) de Candolle var. succulenta Fernald
Identification:
Plants 20–60 cm. Involucres 5–6 × 7–8(–10) mm. Functionally staminate florets (14–)21–34.
Size:
Native Range:
North American Atlantic
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This map only depicts Great Lakes introductions.
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Great Lakes Nonindigenous Occurrences:
1st Great Lakes sighting 1950 in the Lake Ontario drainage.
Ont.; Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Pa., R.I., Va.
Table 1. Great Lakes region nonindigenous occurrences, the earliest and latest observations in each state/province, and the tally and names of HUCs with observations†. Names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Pluchea odorata var. succulenta are found here.
Table last updated 12/18/2020
† Populations may not be currently present.
Ecology:
This erect shrub can grow in salt of brackish marshes along the coastlines (Cooperrider and Galang 1965) (Reznicek et al. 2011) (eFloras.org 2013). Pluchea odorata var. succulenta is in bloom from August to October (eFloras.org 2013).
Means of Introduction:
Unknown
Status:
Established
Great Lakes Impacts:
Summary of species impacts derived from literature review. Click on an icon to find out more...
Current research on the environmental impact of Pluchea odorata var. succulenta in the Great Lakes is inadequate to support proper assessment.
Realized:
Pluchea odorata var. succulenta has invaded high marsh ecosystems in New York (Lamont and Stalter 1991) Potential:
Pluchea odorata is capable of hybridizing with P. indica to produce Pluchea X fosbergii (Cooperrider and Galang 1965).
There is little or no evidence to support that Pluchea odorata var. succulenta has significant socio-economic impacts in the Great Lakes.
There is little or no evidence to support that Pluchea odorata var. succulenta has significant beneficial effects in the Great Lakes.
Potential:
The leaves and stems of P. odorata have been used medicinally in Africa and India (King-Jones 2001). Extracts of P. odorata have been shown to heal wounds, reduce inflammation, and inhibit the growth of cancer cells (Gridling et al. 2009, Seelinger et al. 2012).
Management:
Regulations (pertaining to the Great Lakes)
In Pennsylvania, P. odorata is listed as an endangered species ((NRCS) 2012). Note: Check federal, state/provincial, and local regulations for the most up-to-date information.
Control
Biological
The fruit fly Acinia picturata has been known to use P. odorata as a host, but it is unknown if this species could be used a biological control agent (Stegmaier Jr. 1967).
Physical
There are no known physical control methods for this species.
Chemical
There are no known chemical control methods for this species
Note: Check state/provincial and local regulations for the most up-to-date information regarding permits for control methods. Follow all label instructions.
Remarks:
The larger size of the heads of Pluchea odorata var. succulenta (versus var. odorata) is correlated with the greater number of functionally staminate florets. The two taxa apparently intergrade across a wide area, from southeastern Virginia through South Carolina, and identifications are arbitrary in that region. In the Carolinas, heads appear to be smaller (even heads with relatively numerous florets), and in northern localities (Virginia northward) the smaller size of plants may simply reflect a shorter growing season. It may be more realistic to identify plants of all localities simply as P. odorata, noting that a trend toward increasing head size occurs northward along the Atlantic Coast.
References
(click for full reference list)
Author:
Berent, L., and R. Sturtevant
Contributing Agencies:
Revision Date:
2/26/2020
Citation for this information:
Berent, L., and R. Sturtevant, 2024, Pluchea odorata var. succulenta (Fernald) Cronquist: U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL, and NOAA Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System, Ann Arbor, MI, https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?Species_ID=2734&Potential=N&Type=0&HUCNumber=DGreatLakes, Revision Date: 2/26/2020, Access Date: 5/4/2024
This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information.