| Impact ID | 3499 |
| Impact Type | Competition |
| Study Type | Observational |
| Study Location | Field |
| Impact Description | Native plant species richness, especially floating and emergent plants occupying the same water column, declined in ponds with high abundance of Ludwigia grandiflora due to decreased sunlight incidence and oxygen exchange. |
| Reference | 32943 |
| Cost | |
| Location | |