|
| Impact ID |
Scientific Name
|
Impact Type
|
Study Type
|
Study Location
|
Impact Description
|
Geographic Location
|
Reference
|
|
6199
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
A survey of fish diets in the Upper Paraná River floodplain found that L. fortunei was a prey item for the following species: Geophagus cf. proximus, Hoplias aff. malabaricus, and Hoplosternum littorale.
|
Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil
|
29379
|
|
6200
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
A survey of fish diets in the Upper Paraná River floodplain found that L. fortunei was a prey item for the following species: Leporinus elongatus, Leporinus friderici, Leporinus lacustris, Leporinus macrocephalus, and Leporinus obtusidens.
|
Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil
|
29379
|
|
6201
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
A survey of fish diets in the Upper Paraná River floodplain found that L. fortunei was a prey item for the following species: Pimelodus maculatus, Potamotrygon cf. falkneri, and Pterodoras granulosus.
|
Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil
|
29379
|
|
6202
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
In a Brazilian reservoir, L. fortunei preys on juvenile micro crustaceans (Daphniidae and Calocalanidae) and protozoa (Vaginicolidae and Centropyxidae). Micro crustaceans are the preferred prey item due to their larger size and greater biomass.
|
Governador José Richa reservoir, Brazil
|
41137
|
|
6203
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
In a Brazilian reservoir, an experimental study reports predation of Limnoperna fortunei larvae by the cnidarian Cordylophora caspia.
|
Governador José Richa reservoir, Brazil
|
41137
|
|
6204
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
In South America, commercially valuable species like Pterodoras granulosus and Leporinus obtusidens have been observed preferentially feeding on Limnoperna fortunei.
|
|
29413
|
|
6205
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
An observational study in the upper Uruguay River found that 22 fish species consumed Limnoperna fortunei. Notably, 11 species were not previously known to incorporate L. fortunei in their diet.
|
Itá Reservoir
|
41154
|
|
6206
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
An observational study in the upper Uruguay River reported that the golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) composed greater than 70% of the feeding index for Cyprinus carpio, Crenicichla minuano, Crenicichla celidochilus, Crenicichla jurubi, and Paraloricaria vetula. Additionally, results suggest that C. carpio feeds exclusively on L. fortunei.
|
Itá Reservoir
|
41154
|
|
6207
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Limnoperna fortunei selectively grazes Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Chrysophyceae phytoplankton. Additionally, L. fortunei avoids grazing on filamentous, colonial Cyanobacteria, and Bacillariophyceae.
|
|
41166
|
|
6208
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In the Itaipu reservoir, Limnoperna fortunei was observed in the digestive tract of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) and jundia (Rhamdia quelen).
|
Santa Helena’s (PR) Biological Refuge Area, Brazil
|
41173
|
|
6209
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In the lower Uruguay River, 28 out of the 81 species in the fish assemblage consumed Limnoperna fortunei.
|
Uruguay River, South America
|
41174
|
|
6210
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In the Salto Grande reservoir, Siluriformes and Catathyridium jenynsii preferentially fed on Limnoperna fortunei veligers while Apareiodon affinis, Pachyurus bonariensis, and Lycengraulis grossidens avoided them.
|
Salto Grande reservoir
|
41197
|
|
6211
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
In South America, Megaleporinus obtusidens, M. macrocephalus, Leporinus friderici and Pterodoras granulosus are native species considered to be the main predators of Limnoperna fortunei.
|
|
41203
|
|
6212
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Through isotope analysis, particulate organic matter was identified as the primary food source for Limnoperna fortunei (57.6-65.2%). Plankton and sediment organic matter were also major components of L. fortunei’s diet, constituting 19.8-28.2% and 10.2-21.1% respectively.
|
Xijiang River, China
|
41222
|
|
6213
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
A field study of fish diets in the Itaipu reservoir found that Limnoperna fortunei was present in the digestive tract of 15 out of the 31 species examined. L. fortunei was a prominent part of the diet for Megalancistrus parananus, Leporinus obtusidens, and Pterodoras granulosus with feeding index values of 82%, 60%, and 29% respectively.
|
Itaipu Reservoir
|
29391
|
|
6214
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Limnoperna fortunei selectively grazes single cell Microcystis and preferentially rejects colonial Microcystis and filamentous Planktothrix cyanobacteria.
|
|
29435
|
|
6215
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Limnoperna fortunei veligers are a significant component in the diet of Prochilodus lineatus larvae. In experimental conditions, P. lineatus larvae that fed upon L. fortunei veligers had much higher growth rates than those that did not.
|
|
29441
|
|
6216
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
In mesocosm experiments, Limnoperna fortunei reduced the density of zooplankton through direct consumption. Rotifer and cladoceran densities showed significant declines in mesocosms containing golden mussel.
|
|
29442
|
|
6217
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In the Paraná River, South America, Limnoperna fortunei selectively grazes for zooplankton that have minimal escape ability and low to moderate size. Small cladocerans constituted a significant volume of the golden mussel diet at 67% of the total diet.
|
Paraná River, South America
|
29443
|
|
6243
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Suspension feeding by Limnoperna fortunei will reduce phytoplankton biomass and repress zooplankton populations.
|
|
13086
|
|
6245
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Limnoperna fortunei transfers organic matter from the pelagic to benthic zones through filtration and feces formation, thus increasing invertebrate densities.
|
|
29413
|
|
6247
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Invasion by Limnoperna fortunei in Argentina has impacted macroinvertebrate abundance.
|
Bagliardi Beach, Argentina
|
29419
|
|
6248
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Limnoperna fortunei specimens attached to net cages in a Brazilian reservoir bioaccumulate high levels of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Al, Zn, and Cr). Their high bioaccumulation rates may facilitate the transfer of heavy metals to existing fauna.
|
Itaipu Binacional, Brazil
|
41138
|
|
6249
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
The accumulation of Limnoperna fortunei shells and enrichment of the habitat through their pseudofeces and biodeposits favors an increase in the abundance of macroinvertebrates from the Chironomidae family. The enrichment also alters benthic fauna abundance and can cause a biological imbalance in the environment.
|
Governador José Richa reservoir, Brazil
|
41137
|
|
6250
|
Limnoperna fortunei
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Changes in the structure of the sediment through the formation of Limnoperna fortunei colonies provides more shelter for benthic invertebrates and will increase their abundance.
|
|
41139
|
|