| Impact ID |
Scientific Name
|
Impact Type
|
Study Type
|
Study Location
|
Impact Description
|
Geographic Location
|
Reference
|
|
3286
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
In a pond experiment in Illinois, Cyprinus carpio increased total phosphorus and turbidity and decreased chlorophyll a and macrophyte cover. Macroinvertebrate biomass, and growth of juvenile Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus also declined in the presence of carp. Adult Micropterus salmoides were not affected, but their top-down effects on juvenile fish were muted showing Cyprinus carpio impacts across the entire food web.
|
|
32740
|
|
3293
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Silt resuspension and uprooting of aquatic plants caused by feeding activities of Cyprinus carpio may disrupt feeding of sight-oriented predators, such as bass and sunfish.
|
|
15360
|
|
3296
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Cyprinus carpio feeding behavior destroys rooted aquatic plants that provide habitat for native fish species and food for waterfowl.
|
|
959
|
|
3297
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Cyprinus carpio eradication and exclusion from reservoir tributaries allowed for increased benthic invertebrate community diversity and abundance, and the return of submerged aquatic vegetation.
|
Bowman-Haley Reservoir, North Dakota, USA
|
27700
|
|
3299
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Through the consumption of eggs, Cyprinus carpio may be responsible for the decline of Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) in the Colorado River basin.
|
Colorado River basin, USA
|
10
|
|
3300
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) eggs have been found in the stomachs of Cyprinus carpio in the Columbia River.
|
Columbia River, USA
|
1399
|
|
3309
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Low densities of Cyprinus carpio (<30 kg/ha) did not have significant effects on vegetation or waterfowl in an Illinois Lake, but a subsequent increase to over 250 kg/ha was strongly correlated with a decrease in vegetative cover from its original value of 94% to just 17%. Furthermore, waterfowl activity dropped to ~10% of its original value. A threshold of 100 kg/ha was estimated past which Cyprinus carpio exert extensive ecological damage to shallow lakes.
|
Hennepin and Hopper Lakes, IL, USA
|
24242
|
|
3315
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Higher biomass of Cyprinus carpio in experimental pond enclosures were positively related to phosphorus level, turbidity, and zooplankton biomass and negatively related to abundance of macroinvertebrates and macrophytes. In comparison, Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), a native benthivore, affected phosphorus concentration and zooplankton communities, but had no significant effect on turbidity, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, or suspended solids.
|
|
24255
|
|
3316
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
When >75% of the Cyprinus carpio population was removed from Ventura Marsh, IA, water quality parameters related to decreased suspended solid and phytoplankton biomass improved. Zooplankton biomass (Daphnia sp. and Ceriodaphnia sp.), macrophyte diversity, and macrophyte density all increased. The limiting factor on maximum phytoplankton biomass appeared to switch from bottom-up phosphorous abundance to top-down zooplankton abundance.
|
Ventura Marsh, IA, USA
|
24257
|
|
3322
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
In a study of 129 Iowa lakes, Cyprinus carpio abundance was correlated with abundance of Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides), Black Crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), and White Crappie (P. annularis). This relationship could be due to the poor water quality (e.g., high nutrient levels and low water clarity) associated with high carp abundance.
|
Iowa, USA
|
24252
|
|
3846
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Cyprinus carpio consume other Great Lakes invasive species, including Dreissena polymorpha, Dreissena bugensis, Sphaerium corneum, and Bithynia tentaculata.
|
Great Lakes
|
13595
|
|
4077
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
Juvenile Common Carp had indirect effects on rotifer abundance in mesocosm experiments, with some taxa showing increased abundance (likely through reduced predation by removal of larger zooplankton).
|
|
35728
|
|
5838
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
Cyprinus carpio is harvested from Groenvlei Lake to feed underprivileged communities in Sedgefield and Little Karoo, South Africa. It is reported to have fed over 100,000 people.
|
Groenvlei Lake in Sedgefield, South Africa
|
39779
|
|
6311
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Field
|
Cyprinus carpio reduced the population of Chironominae and Oligochaeta in an experiment conducted in Lake Kasumigaura, Japan.
|
Lake Kasumigaura, Japan
|
41510
|
|
6596
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) have been shown to alter bottom-up and top-down processes within freshwater ecosystems. Bottom-up processes are impacted by the alteration of nutrient flows and resuspension of turbidity and top-down are impacted by predation of zooplankton and benthic invertebrates. Common carp can also decrease foraging efficiency of native species by impairing water quality.
|
|
18913
|
|
7229
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Experimental
|
Laboratory
|
The eggs of Cyprinus carpio and Carassius gibelio are spread by Anas platyrhynchos. Anas platyrhynchos eat the eggs, which then pass through the digestive track of Anas platyrhynchos and emerge intact and viable.
|
Hungary
|
42199
|
|
7317
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
Laboratory
|
In a laboratory setting the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonicus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, Chinese softshell turtle Pelodiscus sinensis, Chinese pond turtle Chinemys reevesii, Japanese pond turtle Mauremys japonica, Mallard duck Rattus norvegicus, and the Norway rat
were observed eating adult Pomacea canaliculata larger than 20mm. Since this was observed in a laboratory setting there is potential this may occur in the wild.
|
|
15800
|
|
7649
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Fishes native to Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve; Astyanax mexicanus, Ictiobus labiosusa, and Herichthys cyanoguttatus nonnative fishes; Micropterus salmoides, Cyprinus carpio, and Oreochromis niloticus can predate Cherax quadricarinatus.
|
Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve, Central Mexican Plateau
|
42422
|
|
9390
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
Predation/Herbivory
|
Observational
|
Field
|
The snail Notopala sublineata was extirpated within catchements containing Common Carp Cyprinus carpio.
|
Murray-Darling Basin, Australia
|
42872
|