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Cut-and-Paste Reference:
Wainright, C.A., C.C. Muhlfeld, J.J. Elser, S.L. Bourret, and S. P. Devlin. 2021. Species invasion progressively disrupt the trophic structure of native food webs. PNAS 118(45):e2102179118. https://www.pnas.org/content/118/45/e2102179118.
Reference Details:
Reference Number: 37382
Type: Journal Article
Author: Wainright, C.A., C.C. Muhlfeld, J.J. Elser, S.L. Bourret, and S. P. Devlin.
Date (year): 2021
Article Title:Species invasion progressively disrupt the trophic structure of native food webs.
Journal Name: PNAS
Volume: 118
Issue: 45
Pages: e2102179118
URL: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/45/e2102179118
Keywords: lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, food web impacts, stable isotopes
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102179118
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Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. [2026]. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Gainesville, Florida. Accessed [1/19/2026].

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