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The Nonindigenous Occurrences section of the NAS species profiles has a new structure. The section is now dynamically updated from the NAS database to ensure that it contains the most current and accurate information. Occurrences are summarized in Table 1, alphabetically by state, with years of earliest and most recent observations, and the tally and names of drainages where the species was observed. The table contains hyperlinks to collections tables of specimens based on the states, years, and drainages selected. References to specimens that were not obtained through sighting reports and personal communications are found through the hyperlink in the Table 1 caption or through the individual specimens linked in the collections tables.

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Common name: blaufelchen

Synonyms and Other Names: (lavaret, whitefish).

Taxonomy: available through www.itis.gov

Identification: Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) provide a description and characters for separating C. wartmanni from other species of sympatric Coregonus.

Size: to 450 mm SL

Native Range: Lake Constance; Austria, Germany, and Switzerland (Kottelat and Freyhof 2007).

Alaska	Hawaii	Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands	Guam Saipan

Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUCs) Explained
Interactive maps: Point Distribution Maps

Means of Introduction: Coregonus wartmanni, or a related species, was intentionally stocked as a food fish. Shipments were imported by the U.S. Fish Commission from Germany in the 1880s (Todd 1983).

Status: The introductions in Maine failed (Kendall 1914).

Impact of Introduction: The impacts of this species are currently unknown, as no studies have been done to determine how it has affected ecosystems in the invaded range. The absence of data does not equate to lack of effects. It does, however, mean that research is required to evaluate effects before conclusions can be made.

Remarks: There is much confusion surrounding the positive identification of whitefish imported from Germany in the late 1800s, primarily due to the problematic taxonomy and systematics of European species of Coregonus. Several authors (e.g., Berg 1948) have recognized a limited number of widespread species with morphologically diverse subspecies (e.g., C. albula, C. lavaretus). Berg (1948) recognized C. wartmanni as a junior synonym of C. lavaretus. Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) recognize 59 species of Coregonus, restricting C. lavaretus to Lake Bourget, France (origin of the common vernacular name 'lavaret').

References: (click for full references)

Baird, S.F. 1878. Report of the Commissioner of Fish and Fiseries for 1875-1876. Part IV. U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Washington, DC.

Baird, S.F. 1889. Report of the Commissioner of Fish and Fiseries for 1886. Part XIV. U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Washington, DC.

Bean, T.H. 1892. Observations upon fishes and fish-culture. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission 10:49-61.

Berg, L. S. 1948-1949. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries, 4th edition. Three volumes. Translated from Russian, 1962-1965, for the Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, by Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, Israel. Volume 1:504 pp.; volume 2:496 pp.; volume 3:510 pp.

Kendall, W.C. 1914. An annotated catalogue of the fishes of Maine. Proceedings of the Portland Society of Natural History 3:1-198.

Kottelat, M., and J. Freyhof. 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland.

Ladiges, W., and D. Vogt. 1986. Guida dei pesci d'acqua dolce d'Europa. Franco Muzzio & Co Editore, Padova, Italy.

Smiley, C.W. 1885. Notes upon fish and the fisheries. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission 5:465-469.

Todd, T.N. 1983. The feasibility of mass-culturing coregonines in the Great Lakes. Research completion report, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ann Arbor, MI.

Other Resources:

Author: Matt Neilson, and Pam Fuller

Peer Review Date: 2/29/2012

This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information.