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Cut-and-Paste Reference:
Cairns Jr., J., and J.R. Bidwell. 1996. Discontinuities in technological and natural systems caused by exotic species. Biodiversity and Conservation 5:1085-1094. http://www.springerlink.com/content/l2375wj431q87606/fulltext.pdf.
Reference Details:
Reference Number: 18562
Type: Journal Article
Author: Cairns Jr., J., and J.R. Bidwell
Date (year): 1996
Article Title:Discontinuities in technological and natural systems caused by exotic species.
Journal Name: Biodiversity and Conservation
Volume: 5
Issue:
Pages: 1085-1094
URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/l2375wj431q87606/fulltext.pdf
Keywords: invertebrate, Dreissena polymorpha, zebra mussel, mollusks, control, industry
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Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. [2025]. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Gainesville, Florida. Accessed [12/13/2025].

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