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Cut-and-Paste Reference:
Ikuta, K., Y. Suzuki, and S. Kitamura. 2003. Effects of low pH on the reproductive behavior of salmonid fishes. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 28(1-4):407-410.
Reference Details:
Reference Number: 26370
Type: Journal Article
Author: Ikuta, K., Y. Suzuki, and S. Kitamura
Date (year): 2003
Article Title:Effects of low pH on the reproductive behavior of salmonid fishes
Journal Name: Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
Volume: 28
Issue: 1-4
Pages: 407-410
URL:
Keywords: acid rain, low pH, salmonids, reproductive behavior, spawning, migration, Salmo trutta
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Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. [2025]. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Gainesville, Florida. Accessed [12/16/2025].

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