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Cut-and-Paste Reference:
Johnson, L.E., and J.T. Carlton. 1996. Post-establishment spread in large-scale invasions: dispersal mechanisms of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Ecology 77(6):1686-1690.
Reference Details:
Reference Number: 9172
Type: Journal Article
Author: Johnson, L.E., and J.T. Carlton
Date (year): 1996
Article Title:Post-establishment spread in large-scale invasions: dispersal mechanisms of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha.
Journal Name: Ecology
Volume: 77
Issue: 6
Pages: 1686-1690
URL:
Keywords: invertebrate, mollusk, Dreissena polymorpha, zebra mussel, dispersal mechanisms
Species Profiles and Specimens that use this Reference:

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Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. [2025]. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Gainesville, Florida. Accessed [12/13/2025].

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