Chrosomus oreas (Mountain Redbelly Dace) Fishes Native Transplant
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Common name: Mountain Redbelly Dace
Synonyms and Other Names: Phoxinus oreas (Cope, 1868)
Taxonomy: available through
www.itis.gov
Identification: Page and Burr (1991); Jenkins and Burkhead (1994).
Size: 7.2 cm.
Native Range: Mountain and Piedmont regions of Atlantic Slope from Shenandoah River (Potomac River drainage), Virginia, to Neuse River drainage, North Carolina, upper New River drainage, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina (Page and Burr 1991).
Nonindigenous Occurrences:
Table 1. States with nonindigenous occurrences, the earliest and latest observations in each state, and the tally and names of HUCs with observations†. Names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records. The list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of Chrosomus oreas are found here.
Table last updated 12/6/2024
† Populations may not be currently present.
Means of Introduction: Probable bait bucket releases, multiple introductions to a drainage seem possible (Jenkins and Burkhead (1994). According to Jenkins and Burkhead (1994), the species was first recorded in the South Fork of the Shenandoah in 1956, Straight Creek in 1975, the Rapidan in 1951, the upper Rappahannock in 1974, the Pee Dee in North Carolina in 1970, the Pee Dee in Virginia in 1983-1984, and the Holston in 1966 (possibly as early as 1955). The population in the Rapidan likely came from the nearby James River. Jenkins and Burkhead noted that the availability of this species to bait seiners and its spectacular coloration increase the probability of this fish being moved about in bait buckets.
Status: Reported from, possibly established in, the Pee Dee River drainage of North Carolina. Established in Virginia in all drainages mentioned except, possibly, the Holston.
Impact of Introduction: The impacts of this species are currently unknown, as no studies have been done to determine how it has affected ecosystems in the invaded range. The absence of data does not equate to lack of effects. It does, however, mean that research is required to evaluate effects before conclusions can be made.
References: (click for full references)
Bortone, S.A. 1972. Recent capture of Phoxinus oreas (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from the Yadkin-Pee Dee River drainage, North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 88:28-29. Hocutt, C.H., R.E. Jenkins, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1986. Zoogeography of the fishes of the central Appalachians and central Atlantic Coastal Plain. 161-212 in C.H. Hocutt and E.O. Wiley, eds. The zoogeography of North American freshwater fishes. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
Jenkins, R.E., and N.M. Burkhead. 1994. Freshwater fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC.
Menhinick, E.F. 1991. The freshwater fishes of North Carolina. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Raleigh, NC.
Page, L.M., and B.M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. The Peterson Guide Series, vol. 42. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA.
Powers, S.L. and P.A. Ceas. 2000. Ichthyofauna and biogeography of Russell Fork (Big Sandy River - Ohio River). Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings 41:1-12.
Ross, R.D., and J.E. Carico. 1963. Records and distribution problems of fishes of the North, Middle, and South Forks of the Holston River, Virginia. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 161:1-24.
Starnes, W. C. and D. A. Etnier. 1986. Drainage evolution and fish biogeography of the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers drainage realm. 325-362 in C.H. Hocutt and E.O. Wiley, eds. The oogeography of North American freshwater fishes. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
Strange, R.M. and R.L. Mayden. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships and a revised taxonomy for North American cyprinids assigned to Phoxinus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). Copeia 2009(3):494-501.
Other Resources:
FishBase Summary
Author:
Leo Nico, Matt Neilson, and Pam Fuller
Revision Date: 3/27/2014
Peer Review Date: 3/27/2014
Citation Information:
Leo Nico, Matt Neilson, and Pam Fuller, 2024, Chrosomus oreas Cope, 1868: U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL, https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=619, Revision Date: 3/27/2014, Peer Review Date: 3/27/2014, Access Date: 12/6/2024
This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. The information has not received final approval by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is provided on the condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information.