Reference List

This list includes references used to derive specimen records as well as those with scientific name Phragmites australis listed in key words.

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REFTypeCut-and-Paste Reference
40821 Journal Article Abbas, A.M., A.M. Lambert, A.E. Rubio-Casal, A. De Cires, E.M. Figueroa, and J.M. Castillo. 2015. Competition from native hydrophytes reduces establishment and growth of invasive dense-flowered cordgrass (Spartina densiflora). PeerJ 3:1260. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1260.
40831 Journal Article Abeysinghe, T., A.S. Milas, K. Arend, B. Hohman, P. Reil, A. Gregory, and A. Vazquez-Ortega. 2019. Mapping invasive Phragmites australis in the Old Woman Creek estuary using UAV remote sensing and machine learning classifiers. Remote Sensing 11(11):1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111380.
20314 Journal Article Able, K.W., and S.M. Hagan. 2000. Effects of common reed (Phragmites australis) invasion on marsh surface macrofauna: response of fishes and decapod crustaceans. Estuaries 23(5):633-646. https://doi.org/10.2307/1352890.
20315 Journal Article Able, K.W., and S.M. Ragan. 2003. Impact of common reed, Phragmites australis, on essential fish habitat: influence on reproduction, embryological development, and larval abundance of mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). Estuaries 26(1):40-50.
40191 Conference Proceedings Adamišin, P., O. Hronec, J. Fazekaš, B. Mieszczak, and A. Scieszka. 2017. Cultiuvation of the Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin as a perspective method for polluted soil revitalization in Surveying Geology & Mining Ecology Management (SGEM). Sofia, Bulgaria.
27562 Report Ailstock, M.S. 2004. Summary of common questions concerning Phragmites control. United States Army Corps of Engineers.
20326 Journal Article Ailstock, M.S., C.M. Norman, and P.J. Bushmann. 2001. Common reed Phragmites australis: control and effects upon biodiversity in freshwater nontidal wetlands. Restoration Ecology 9(1):49-59.
20327 Journal Article Albay, M., and R. Akcaalan. 2003. Comparative study of periphyton colonisation on common reed (Phragmites australis) and artificial substrate in a shallow lake, Manyas, Turkey. Hydrobiologia 596-509(1-3):531-540.
40783 Journal Article Albert, A., J. Brisson, F. Belzile, J. Turgeon, and C. Lavoie. 2015. Strategies for a successful plant invasion: the reproduction of Phragmites australis in north‐eastern North America. Journal of Ecology 103(6):1529-1537. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12473.
28653 Report Alger Conservation District. 2015. Annual report. Alger Conservation District, Munising, MI. http://www.algercd.com/.
20330 Journal Article Ali, N.A., M.P. Bernal, and M. Ater. 2002. Tolerance and bioaccumulation of copper in Phragmites australis and Zea mays. Plant and Soil 239(1):103-111.
40824 Journal Article Alldred, M., S.B. Baines, and S. Findlay. 2016. Effects of invasive-plant management or nitrogen-removal services in freshwater tidal marshes. Plos One 11(2):e0149813. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149813.
40862 Journal Article Allen, G.A., L.J. McCormick, J.R. Jantzen, K.L. Marr, and B.N. Brown. 2017. Distributional and morphological differences between native and introduced common reed (Phragmites australis, Poaceae) in Western Canada. Wetlands 37(5):819-827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-017-0914-4.
40768 Journal Article Allen, W. J., A.E. DeVries, N.J. Bologna, W.A. Bickford, K.P. Kowalski, L.A. Meyerson, and J.T. Cronin. 2020. Intraspecific and biogeographical variation in foliar fungal communities and pathogen damage of native and invasive Phragmites australis. Global Ecology and Biogeography 29(7):1199-1211. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13097.
40245 Journal Article Allen, W. J., R. E. Young, G. P. Bhattarai, J. R. Croy, A. M. Lambert, L. A. Meyerson, J. T. and Cronin. 2015. Multitrophic enemy escape of invasive Phragmites australis and its introduced herbivores in North America. Biological Invasions 17(12):3419-3432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-0968-2.
40769 Journal Article Allen, W.J., L.A. Meyerson, D. Cummings, J. Anderson, G.P. Bhattarai, and J.T. Cronin. 2017. Biogeography of a plant invasion: drivers of latitudinal variation in enemy release. Global Ecology and Biogeography 26(4):435-446. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12550.
40777 Journal Article Al-Wagaa, A.H., I.A.H. Al-Obadui, H.A.K. Alfarttoosi, and O.A. Al-Gburi. 2019. Evaluating the performance of rope-wick herbicides applicator to control common reed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 388(1):012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/388/1/012003.
40816 Journal Article Amatangelo, K.L., L. Stevens, D.A. Wilcox, S.T. Jackson, and D.F. Sax. 2018. Provenance of invaders has scale-dependent impacts in a changing wetland ecosystem. Neobiota 40:51-72. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.40.28914.
40182 Thesis or Dissertation Ameen, A. 2017. Ecogeomorphology and vegetation dynamics in a sediment diversion of the Mississippi River. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Tulane University School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, LA. https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane%3A76954/datastream/PDF/view.
20335 Journal Article Amsberry, L., M.A. Baker, P.J. Ewanchuk, and M.D. Bertness. 2000. Clonal integration and the expansion of Phragmites australis. Ecological Applications 10(4):1110-1118.
40857 Journal Article Anderson, C.J., D. Heins, K.C. Pelletier, and J.F. Knight. 2023. Improving machine learning classifications of Phragmites australis using object-based image analysis. Remote Sensing 15(4):989. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15040989.
40832 Journal Article Anderson, C.J., D. Heins, K.C. Pelletier, J.L. Bohnen, and J.F. Knight. 2021. Mapping invasive Phragmites australis using unoccupied aircraft system imagery, canopy hieght models, and synthetic aperature radar. Remote Sensing 13(16):3303. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163303.
40246 Journal Article Angoh, S. Y. J., J. Freeland, J. Paterson, P.A. Rupasinghe, and C.M. Davy. 2021. Effects of invasive wetland macrophytes on habitat selection and movement by freshwater turtles. Biological Invasions 23(7):2271-2288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02505-8.
27877 News Anonymous. 2015. Return of the natives at Times Beach. WGRZ.com. Buffalo, NY. http://www.wgrz.com/story/life/2015/07/19/times-beach-is-an-important-part-of-buffalos-waterfront-development/30356091/. Created on 07/19/2015. Accessed on 08/18/2015.
40801 Journal Article Aref, I.M., M.Z. Salem, N.D. Shetta, T.S. Alshahrani, and R.A. Nasser. 2017. Possibility of using three invasive non-forest tree species as an alternative source for energy production. Journal of Wood Science 63(1):104-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-016-1599-7.
20344 Journal Article Arkebauer, T.J., J.P. Chanton, S.B. Verma, and J. Kim. 2001. Field measurements of internal pressurization in Phragmites australis (Poaceae) and implications for regulation of methane emissions in a midlatitude prairie wetland. American Journal of Botany 88(4):653-658.
20345 Journal Article Armstrong, J., and W. Armstrong. 2001. Rice and Phragmites: effects of organic acids on growth, root permeability, and radial oxygen loss to the rhizosphere. American Journal of Botany 88(8):1359-1370.
20346 Journal Article Asaeda, T., and L.H. Nam. 2002. Effects of rhizome age on the decomposition rate of Phragmites australis rhizomes. Hydrobiologia 485(1-3):205-208.
20347 Journal Article Asaeda, T., J. Manatunge, T. Fujino, and D. Sovira. 2003. Effects of salinity and cutting on the development of Phragmites australis. Wetlands Ecology and Management 11(3):127-140.
35914 Report Avers, B., R. Fahlsing, E. Kafcas, J. Schafer, T. Collin, L. Esman, E. Finnell, A. Lounds, R. Terry, J. Hazelman, and J. Hudgins. 2007. A guide to the control and management of invasive Phragmites. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Lansing.
27561 Book Avers, B., R. Fahlsing, E. Kafcas, J. Schafer, T. Collin, L. Esman, E. Finnell, A. Lounds, R. Terry, J. Hazelman, J. Hudgins, K. Getsinger, and D. Scheun. 2014. A Guide to the Control and Management of Invasive Phragmites. third edition. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Lansing, MI.
40229 Journal Article Ban, Y.H., Z.Y. Xu, H.H. Zhang, H. Chen, and M. Tang. 2015. Soil chemistry properties, translocation of heavy metals, and mycorrhizal fungi associated with six plant species growing on lead-zinc mine tailings. Annals of Microbiology 65(1):503-515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0886-z.
20358 Journal Article Baran, M., Z. Varadyova, S. Kracmar, and J. Hedbavny. 2002. The common reed (Phragmites australis) as a source of roughage in ruminant nutrition. Acta Veterinaria Brno 71(4):445-449.
40863 Journal Article Barco, A., S. Bona, and M. Borin. 2021. Plant species for floating treatment wetlands: A decade of experiments in North Italy. Science of the Total Environment 751:141666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141666.
20364 Journal Article Bart, D., and J.M. Hartman. 2000. Environmental determinants of Phragmites australis expansion in a new jersey salt marsh: an experimental approach. Oikos 89(1):59-69.
40748 Journal Article Baute, K., L.L. Van Eerd, D.E. Robinson, P.H. Sikkema, M. Mushtaq, and B.H. Gilroyed. 2018. Comparing the Biomass Yield and Biogas Potential of Phragmites australis with Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum Grown in Canada. Energies 11(9):2198. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092198.
40848 Journal Article Baute, K.A., D.E. Robinson, L.L. Van Eerd, M. Edson, P.H. Sikkema, and B.H. Golroyed. 2016. Survival of seeds from perennial biomass species during commercial-scale anaerobic digestion. Weed Research 56(3):258-266. https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12202.
40767 Journal Article Bernal, B., J.P. Megonigal, and T.J. Mozdzer. 2017. An invasive wetland grass primes deep soil carbon pools. Global Change Biology 23(5):2104-2116. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13539.
40770 Journal Article Bertoli, M., F. Franz, P. Pastorino, M. Prearo, and E. Pizzul. 2020. Seasonal patterns of Phragmites australis breakdown in a karstic freshwater system (Doberdò Lake, Northeast Italy) in relation to water level fluctuations, environmental features, and macrobenthic invertebrate communities. Hydrobiologia 847(9):2123-2140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04237-7.
40729 Journal Article Bhattarai, G. P., L.A. Meyerson, J. Anderson, D. Cummings, W.J. Allen, and J.T. Cronin. 2017. Biogeography of a plant invasion: genetic variation and plasticity in latitudinal clines for traits related to herbivory. Ecological Monographs 87(1):57-75. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1233.
40753 Journal Article Bianchi, E., A. Coppi, S. Nucci, A. Antal, C. Berardi, E. Coppini, D. Fibbi, M. Del Bubba, C. Gonnelli, and I. Colzi. 2020. Closing the loop in a constructed wetland for the improvement of metal removal: the use of Phragmites australis biomass harvested from the system as biosorbent. Environmental science and pollution research international 28(9):11444-11453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11291-0.
40183 Thesis or Dissertation Bickford, W.A. 2020. Plant invasions and microbes: The interactive effects of plant-associated microbes on invasiveness of Phragmites australis. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/155108.
40721 Journal Article Bickford, W.A., D.E. Goldberg, D.R. Zak, D.S. Snow, and K.P. Kowalski. 2022. Plant effects on and response to soil microbes in native and non-native Phragmites australis. Ecological Applications 32(4):e2565. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2565.
40745 Journal Article Bickford, W.A., D.E. Goldberg, K.P., and D.R. Zak. 2018. Root endophytes and invasiveness: no difference between native and non‐native Phragmites in the Great Lakes Region. Ecosphere 9(12):e02526. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2526.
40856 Journal Article Bickford, W.A., D.S. Snow, M.K.H. Smith, K.L. Lingsley, J.F. White, and K.P. Kowalski. 2023. Experimentally induced dieback conditions limit Phragmites australis growth. Microorganisms 11(3):639. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030639.
39479 Journal Article Bissanttini, A.M., P.J. Haubrock, V. Buono, P. Balzani, N. Borgianni, L. Stellati, A.F. Inghilesi, L. Tancioni, M. Martinoli, E. Tricarico, and L. Vignoli. 2020. Trophic structure of a pond community dominated by an invasive alien species: insights from stomach content and stable isotope analyses. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 31:948-963. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aqc.3530.
40782 Journal Article Błońska, A., A. Kompała-Bąba, E. Sierka, W. Bierza, F. Magurno, L. Besenyei, K. Ryś, and G. Woźniak. 2019. Diversity of vegetation dominated by selected grass species on coal-mine spoil heaps in terms of reclemation of post-industrial areas. Journal of Ecological Engineering 20(2):209-217. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/93870.
10713 Journal Article Blossey, B. 1999. Before, during and after: the need for long-term monitoring in invasive plant species management. Biological Invasions 1:301-311.
27563 Report Blossey, B. 2007. Development of biological controls for Phragmites australis. Grant C-06-26. New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), New York, NY.
27564 Book Chapter Blossey, B., M. Schwarzlander, P. Hafliger, R. Casagrande, and L. Tewksbury. 2002. 9 Common Reed. Page 413 in Driesche, F.V., B. Blossey, M. Hoodle, S. Lyon, and R. Reardon, eds. Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States. Volume FHTET-2002-04. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team. Morgantown, WV.
40244 Journal Article Blossey, B., P. Hafliger, L. Tewksbury, A. Davalos, and R. Casagrande. 2018. Host specificity and risk assessment of Archanara geminipuncta and Archanara neurica, two potential biocontrol agents for invasive Phragmites australis in North America. Biological Control 125:98-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.05.019.
31633 Journal Article Bolton, R. M., and R. J. Brooks. 2010. Impact of the seasonal invasion of Phragmites australis (Common Reed) on turtle reproductive success. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 9(2):238-243.
40836 Journal Article Bonello, J.E. and K.E. Judd. 2020. Plant community recovery after herbicide management to remove Phragmites australis in Great Lakes coastal wetlands. Restoration Ecology 28(1):215-221. https://doi.org/doi/10.1111/rec.13062/suppinfo.
41412 Thesis or Dissertation Borse, D. 2021. Mostly Harmful? Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia in a study of the meaning of invasiveness in an abandoned limestone quarry and beyond. Unpublished M.A. thesis. DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana.
40781 Journal Article Boubaker, H., R. Ben Arfi, K. Mougin, C. Vaulot, S. Hajjar, P. Kunneman, G. Schrodj, and A. Ghorbal. 2021. New optimization approach for successive cationic and anionic dyes uptake using reed-based beads. Journal of Cleaner Production 307:127218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127218.
35686 Journal Article Bourgeau-Chavez, L.L., et al. 2013. Mapping invasive Phragmites australis in the coastal Great Lakes with ALOS PALSAR satellite imagery for decision support. Journal of Great Lakes Research 39(1):65-77. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0380133012002122.
40815 Journal Article Bowen, J.L., P.J. Kearns, J.E.K. Byrnes, S. Wigginton, W.J. Allen, M. Greenwood, K. Tran, J. Yu, J.T. Cronin, and L.A. Meyerson. 2017. Lineage overwhelms environmental conditions in determining rhizosphere bacterial community structure in a cosmopolitan invasive plant. Nature Communications 8:433. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00626-0.
41579 Database Bragg, A. 2022. AIS plants from Lake Erie Drainage field surveys 2022. Cleveland Metroparks, Cleveland, OH. Accessed on 06/05/2023.
28735 Journal Article Braun, H.A., K.P. Kowalski, and K. Hollins. 2016. Applying the collective impact approach to address non-native species: a case study of the Great Lakes Phragmites Collaborative. Biological Invasions Published online(22 April 2016):10 pp. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-016-1142-1.
28751 Journal Article Brisson, J., E. Paradis, and M. Bellavance. 2008. Evidence of sexual reproduction in the invasive common reed (Phragmites australis subsp. australis; Poaceae) in Eastern Canada: A possible consequence of Global Warming. Rhodora 110(942):22-230. http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3119/07-15.1.
40833 Journal Article Brooks, C., C. Weinstein, A. Poley, A. Grimm, N. Marion, L. Bourgeau-Chavez, D. Hansen, and K. Kowalski. 2021. Using uncrewed aerial vehicles for identifying the extent of invasive Phragmites australis in treatment areas enrolled in an adaptive management program. Remote Sensing 13(10):1895. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13101895.
40864 Journal Article Brunhoferova, H., S. Venditti, C.C. Laczny, L. Lebrun, and J. Hansen. 2022. Bioremediation of 27 micropollutants by symbiotic microorganisms of wetland macrophytes. Sustainability 14(7):3944. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073944.
40754 Journal Article Buczko, U., G. Jurasinski, S. Glatzel, and S. Karstens. 2022. Blue carbon in coastal Phragmites wetlands along the Southern Baltic Sea. Estuaries and Coasts 45(7):2274-2282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-022-01085-7.
40865 Journal Article Bumby, C. and E.C.Farrer. 2022. Nipponaclerda biwakoensis infestation of Phragmites australis in the Mississippi River Delta, USA: Do Fungal Microbiomes play a role? Wetlands 42(15):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-021-01514-6.
22440 Journal Article Burba, G.G., S.B. Verma, and J. Kim. 1999. A comparative study of surface energy fluxes of three communities (Phragmites australis, Scirpus acutus, and open water) in a prairie wetland ecosystem. Wetlands 19(2):451-457.
40706 Journal Article Burry, W., K. Doelle, S. Liu, and R. Appleby. 2017. Common Reed (Phragmites australis), Eradicate or Utilize? Part II: Potential Use as an Industrial Fiber Source after Hot Water Extraction. Bioresources 12(3):5697-5714. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.3.5697-5714.
40819 Journal Article Byun, C., S. de Blois, and J. Brisson. 2015. Interactions between abiotic constraint, propagule pressure, and biotic resistance regulate plant invasion. Oecologia 178(1):285-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3188-z.
40784 Journal Article Byun, C., S. de blois, and J. Brisson. 2020. Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland. Journal of Ecology 108(6):2485-2498. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13419.
40866 Journal Article Canavan, K., I.D. Paterson, M.P. Hill, and T.L. Dudley. 2019. Testing the Enemy Release Hypothesis on tall-statured grasses in South Africa, using Arundo donax, Phragmites australis, and Phragmites mauritianus as models. Bulletin of Entomological Research 109(3):287-299. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007485318000627.
40749 Journal Article Caplan, J.S., R.N. Hager, J.P. Megonigal, and T.J. Mozdzer. 2015. Global change accelerates carbon assimilation by a wetland ecosystem engineer. Environmental Research Letters 10(11):115006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/115006.
40867 Conference Proceedings Casagrande, L., G.M. Machado, S. Samiappan, G. Turnage, L. Hathcock, and R. Moorhead. 2017. Probabilistic neural network and wavelet transform for mapping of Phragmites australis using low altitude remote sensing. Pages 269-276 in The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE). Niterói, Brazil.
40872 Journal Article Casagrande, R.A., P Hafliger, H.L. Hinz, L. Tewksbury, and B. Blossey. 2018. Grasses as appropriate targets in weed biocontrol: is the common reed, Phragmites australis, an anomaly? BioControl 63(3):391-403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-018-9871-y.
40790 Journal Article Castaldelli, G. V. Aschonitis, F. Vincenzi, E.A. Fano, and E. Soana. 2018. The effect of water velocity on nitrate removal in vegetated waterways. Journal of Environmental Management 215:230-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.071.
40802 Journal Article Castelanni, M.B., L. Lastrucci, L. Lazzaro, R. Bolpagni, A. Dalla Vecchia, and A. Coppi. 2022. The incidence of alien species on the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of lentic and lotic communities dominated by Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems 425:5. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022001.
24369 Database Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. 2019. EDDMapS: Early detection and distribution mapping system. The University of Georgia, Tifton, GA. https://www.eddmaps.org/tools/query/. Accessed on 01/27/2019.
35915 Journal Article Chambers, R.M., L.A. Meyerson, and K. Saltonstall. 1999. Expansion of Phragmites australis into tidal wetlands of North America. Aquatic Botany 64(3-4):261-273.
20433 Journal Article Chanton, J.P., T.J. Arkebauer, H.S. Harden, and S.B. Verma. 2002. Diel variation in lacunal CH4 and CO2 concentration and delta C-13 in Phragmites australis. Biogeochemistry 59(3):287-301.
27662 Journal Article Chesier, J.C., J.D. Madsen, R.M. Wersal, P.D. Gerard, and M.E. Welch. 2012. Evaluating the potential for differential susceptibility of common reed (Phragmites australis) Haplotypes I to M to Aquatic Herbicides. Invasive Plant Science and Management 5(101-105).
38302 Journal Article Choi, J., M. C. Maniquiz, J. H. Kang, K. Lim and L. H. Kim. 2012. Seasonal biomass changes at a newly constructed wetland in agricultural area. Desalination and Water Treatment 38(1-3):337-343. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19443994.2012.664399.
40184 Thesis or Dissertation Cizek, H. 2022. Response of Roseau cane (Phragmites australis) to two biotic stresses: Hyalopterus pruni and Bipolaris yamadae. Unpublished M.S. thesis. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6513&context=gradschool_theses.
20445 Journal Article Cizkova, H., and J. Lukavska. 1999. Rhizome age structure of three populations of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.: biomass and mineral nutrient concentrations. Folia Geobotanica and Phytotaxonomica 34(2):209-220.
20446 Journal Article Cizkova, H., J. Lukavska, K. Priban, J. Kopecky, and H. Brabcova. 1996. Carbohydrate levels in rhizomes of Phragmites australis at an oligotrophic and a eutrophic site: a preliminary study. Folia Geobotanica and Phytotaxonomica 31(1):111-118.
20447 Journal Article Cizkova, H., J.A. Strand, and J. Lukavska. 1996. Factors associated with reed decline in a eutrophic fishpond, Rozmberk (South Bohemia, Czech Republic). Folia Geobotanica and Phytotaxonomica 31(1):73-84.
40247 Journal Article Clay, K., Z.R.C. Shearin, K.A. Bourke, W. A. Bickford, and K. P. Kowalski. 2016. Diversity of fungal endophytes in non-native Phragmites australis in the Great Lakes. Biological Invasions 18(9):2703-2716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1137-y.
18080 Database Clayton, W.D., M.S Vorontsova K.T. Harman, and H. Williamson. 2006. GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html. Accessed on 05/10/2016.
20451 Journal Article Clevering, O.A. 1998. Effects of litter accumulation and water table on morphology and productivity of Phragmites australis. Wetlands Ecology and Management 5(4):275-287.
40773 Conference Proceedings Cohen, J.G. and M.J. Lewis. 2020. Development of an automated monitoring platform for invasive plants in a rare Great Lakes ecosystem using uncrewed aerial systems and convolutional neural networks. Pages 1553-1564 in International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS). Athens, Greece.
40755 Journal Article Coleman, D.J. F. Cassalho, T.W. Miesse, and C.M. Ferreira. 2023. The role of invasive Phragmites australis in wave attenuation in the eastern United States. Estuaries and Coasts 46:404-416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-022-01138-x.
20459 Journal Article Confer, S.R., and W.A. Niering. 1992. Comparison of created and natural freshwater emergent wetlands in Connecticut (USA). Wetlands Ecology and Management 2(3):143-156.
36207 Journal Article Cook, C.E., A.M. McCluskey, A.M., and R.M. Chambers. 2018. Impacts of invasive Phragmites australis on diamondback terrapin nesting in Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries and Coasts 41(4):966-973. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0325-z.
40738 Journal Article Crocker, E.V., E.B. Nelson, and B. Blossey. 2017. Soil conditioning effects of Phragmites australis on native wetland plant seedling survival. Ecology and Evolution 7(15):5571-5579. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3024.
40771 Journal Article Croft-White, M. V., E. Budgell, C. Jacobs, S.E. Doka, D.T. Reddick, J.G. Costa, and J.D. Midwood. 2021. Fish composition, but not richness or abundance, differ among Phragmites, Typha, and Schoenoplectus zones during a high-water year. Hydrobiologia 848(21):4945-4963. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04687-7.
40248 Journal Article Cronin, J., E. Kiviat, L.A. Meyerson, G.P. Bhattarai, and W.J. Allen. 2016. Biological control of invasive Phragmites australis will be detrimental to native P. australis. Biological Invasions 18(9):2749-2752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1138-x.
40733 Journal Article Cronin, J.T., G.P. Bhattarai, W.J. Allen, and L.A. Meyerson. 2015. Biogeography of a plant invasion: plant–herbivore interactions. Ecology 96(4):1115-1127. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1091.1.
40873 Journal Article Cronin, J.T., J. Johnston, and R. Diaz. 2020. Multiple potential stressors and dieback of Phragmites australis in the Mississippi River Delta, USA: Implications for restoration. Wetlands 40(6):2247-2261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-020-01356-8.
40830 Journal Article Cuda, J., H. Skalova, L.A. Meyerson, and P. Pysek. 2021. Regeneration of Phragmites australis from rhizome and culm fragments: an experimental test of environmental effects, population origin and invasion status. Preslia 93(3):237-254. https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2021.237.
41342 Journal Article Cui, J., J. Zhao, Z. Wang, W.W. Cao, S.H. Zhang, J.M. Liu, and Z.H. Bao. 2020. Diversity of active root-associated methanotrophs of three emergent plants in a eutrophic wetland in northern China. Amb Express 10(1):9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-00984-x.
39370 Journal Article deJonge, R.B., M.J. McTavish, S.M. Smith, and R.S. Bourchier. 2021. Characterizing an invasion assemblage: first comparison of insect communities on native and introduced subspeceis of Phragmites australis in Ontario, Canada. Biological Invasions 24:591-597. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10530-021-02675-5.pdf.
41343 Journal Article Dekanova, V., I. Svitkova, M. Novikmec, and M. Svitok. 2021. Litter breakdown of invasive alien plant species in a pond environment: Rapid decomposition of Solidago canadensis may alter resource dynamics. Limnologica 90:125911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2021.125911.
40874 Book DeRoy, E.M. and H.J. MacIsaac. 2020. Contaminants of the Great Lakes. Volume 101. Springer, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57874-9.
40805 Journal Article DeVries, A.E., K.P. Kowalski, and W.A. Bickford. 2020. Growth and behavior of North American microbes on Phragmites australis leaves. Microorganisms 8(5):690. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050690.
40251 Journal Article Dibble, K.L. and L.A. Meyerson. 2016. Detection of decreased quantities of actively spawning female Fundulus heteroclitus in tidally restricted marshes relative to restored and reference sites. Biological Invasions 18(9):2679-2687. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1153-y.
42193 Journal Article Dinehart, R.M., D.E. Brewer, T.M. Gehring, K.L. Pangle, and D.G. Uzarski. 2022. Ecologically Scaled Responses of Marsh Birds to Invasive Phragmites Expansion and Water-Level Fluctuations. Waterbirds 45(3):225-372.
40230 Journal Article Douhovnikoff, V., S.H. Taylor, E.L.G. Hazelton, C.M. Smith, and J. O'Brien. 2016. Maximal stomatal conductance to water and plasticity in stomatal traits differ between native and invasive introduced lineages of Phragmites australis in North America. Aob Plants 8(Special Issue):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plw006.
30498 Thesis or Dissertation Drescher, B. 2017. An Ecological Examination of Johnson Bayou (Pass Christian, MS) With a Reproductive Histological Analysis of Rangia Cuneata, and a Comparative Morphological Study of the Foot and Shell of Rangia cuneata and Polymesoda caroliniana. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS.
40849 Journal Article Duke, S.T., S.N. Francoeur, and K.E. Judd. 2015. Effect of Phragmites australis invasion on carbon dynamics in a freshwater marsh. Wetlands 35(2):311-321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0619-x.
34974 Web Page Dumke, J.D. and K. Nixon. 2019. St. Louis County AIS Introduction Risk Assessment Tool. https://data.nrri.umn.edu/ais/. Created on 12/01/2019. Accessed on 11/18/2020.
40878 Other Cut-and-paste reference not available due to unhandled reference type. Please contact support to request the addition of the 'Other' type.
40879 Journal Article Duncan, J.P., R.N. Rozum, J.A. Powell, and K.M. Kettenring. 2017. Multi-scale methods predict invasion speeds in variable landscapes case study: Phragmites australis. Theoretical Ecology 10(3):287-303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12080-017-0329-0.
40880 Journal Article Eller, F., H. Skálová, J.S. Caplan, G.P. Bhattarai, M.K. Burger, J.T. Cronin, W. Guo, X. Guo, E.L.G. Hazelton, K.M. Kettenring, C. Lambertini, M.K. McCormick, L.A. Meyerson, T.J. Mozdzer, P. Pyšek, B.K. Sorrell, D.F. Whigham, and H. Brix. 2017. Cosmopolitan species as models for ecophysiological responses to global climate change: The common reed Phragmites australis. Frontiers in Plant Science 8:1833. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01833.
40715 Journal Article Elmer, K. and M. Kalacska. 2021. A High-Accuracy GNSS Dataset of Ground Truth Points Collected within Îles-de-Boucherville National Park, Quebec, Canada. Data 6(3):32. https://doi.org/10.3390/data6030032.
40762 Journal Article Elmer, K., M. Kalacska, and J.P. Arroyo-Mora. 2021. Mapping the extent of invasive Phragmites australis subsp. australis from airborne hyperspectral imagery. Frontiers in Environmental Science 9:757871. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.757871.
40882 Journal Article Elsey-Quirk, T. and M.A. Leck. 2021. High reinvasion potential of Phragmites australis in a Deleware River (USA) tidal freshwater marsh following chemical treatment: the role of rhe seedbank. Wetlands 41(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-021-01398-6.
28080 Database Environmental Assessment Program. 2018. Washington State Lakes Environmental Data Version 1.0. Washington State Department of Ecology, Lacey, WA. https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/coastalatlas/tools/LakeDetail.aspx. Accessed on 12/18/2018.
40718 Journal Article Fant, J.B., A.L. Price, and D.J. Larkin. 2016. The influence of habitat disturbance on genetic structure and reproductive strategies within stands of native and non‐native Phragmites australis (common reed). Diversity and Distributions 22(12):1301-1313. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12492.
20526 Journal Article Farnsworth, E.J., and L.A. Meyerson. 1999. Species composition and inter-annual dynamics of a freshwater tidal plant community following removal of the invasive grass, Phragmites australis. Biological Invasions 1(2-3):115-127.
40785 Journal Article Farrer, E.C., C. Birnbaum, S.R. Halbrook, M.V. Brady, C.R. Bumby, H. Candaele, N.K. Kulick, S.F.H. Lee, C.S. Schroeder, M.K.H. Smith, W. Wilber, and B. Singh. 2021. Plant and microbial impacts of an invasive species vary across an environmental gradient. Journal of Ecology 109(5):2163-2176. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13629.
42524 Journal Article Fawzy, M.A., N.E. Badr, A. El-Khatib, and A. Abo-El-Kassem. 2011. Heavy metal biomonitoring and phytoremediation potentialities of aquatic macrophytes in River Nile. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184:1753-1771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2076-9.
20530 Journal Article Fey, A., G. Benckiser, and J.C.G. Ottow. 1998. Emissions of nitrous oxide from a constructed wetland using a groundfilter and macrophytes in waste-water purification of a dairy farm. Biology and Fertility of Soils 29(4):354-359.
20532 Journal Article Findlay, S., P. Groffman, and S. Dye. 2003. Effects of Phragmites australis removal on marsh nutrient cycling. Wetlands Ecology and Management 11(3):157-165.
20533 Journal Article Findlay, S.E.G., S. Dye, and K.A. Kuehn. 2002. Microbial growth and nitrogen retention in litter of Phragmites australis compared to Typha angustifolia. Wetlands 22(3):616-625.
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23381 Report Folsom, B.L., and M. Van der Werff. 1988. Role of contaminant uptake in the potential use of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. on confined disposal facilities. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
40820 Journal Article Frevola, D.M. and S.M. Hovick. 2019. The independent effects of nutrient enrichment and pulsed nutrient delivery on a common wetland invader and its native conspecific. Oecologia 191(2):447-460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-019-04493-y.
40883 Journal Article Fussel, S.B., M.L. Dionne, and T.A. Theodose. 2015. Expansion rates of Phragmites australis patches in a partially restored Maine salt marsh. Wetlands 35(3):557-565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0645-3.
20556 Journal Article Gaino, E., and M. Rebora. 2003. Ability of mobile cells of the freshwater sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis (Porifera, Demospongiae) to digest diatoms. Italian Journal of Zoology 70(1):17-22.
20557 Journal Article Gaino, E., M. Rebora, C. Corallini, and T. Lancioni. 2003. The life-cycle of the sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis (L.) living on the reed Phragmites australis in an artificially regulated lake. Hydrobiologia 495(1-3):127-142.
20558 Journal Article Gaino, E., T. Lancioni, G. La Porta, and B. Todini. 2004. The consortium of the sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis (L.) living on the common reed Phragmites australis in Lake Piediluco (central Italy). Hydrobiologia 520(1-3):165-178.
40253 Journal Article Galatowitsch, S. M., D.L. Larson, and J.L. Larson. 2016. Factors affecting post-control reinvasion by seed of an invasive species, Phragmites australis, in the central Platte River, Nebraska. Biological Invasions 18(9):2505-2516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-1048-3.
42560 Journal Article Galatowitsch, S.M. 2012. Why some wetland plants are invasive and how they affect restoration. National Wetlands Newsletter 34(4):16-19.
40884 Journal Article Gamrat, R., S. Stankowski, and A. Jaroszewska. 2021. Morphological features of plants on ash settling ponds. Case study. Plants-Basel 10(4):616. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040616.
40185 Report Gardner, C.J., D.T. Reddick, A.G. Wynia, S.E. Doka, C. Jacobs, J.D. Midwood. 2020. Sampling efficacy of passive gear in the non-native emergent Phragmites australis subsp. australis. Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Ottawa, ON (Canada). https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/40881829.pdf.
40885 Journal Article Garretson, A. S. Mohney, M. Cahill, L. Griffin, R. Silarszka, N. Feldsine, M.N. Napoli, and E.C. Long. 2022. Citizen science and land use data provide insight into the invasive riparian plant composition of the Hudson River Valley watershed. Invasive Plant Science and Management 15:174-182. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2022.26.
40886 Journal Article Garretson, A. S. Mohney, M. Cahill, L. Griffin, R. Silarszka, N. Feldsine, M.N. Napoli, and E.C. Long. 2022. Citizen science and land use data provide insight into the invasive riparian plant composition of the Hudson River Valley watershed. Invasive Plant Science and Management 15:174-182. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2022.26.
40192 Journal Article Garrison, J. R., J.S. Caplan, V. Douhovnikoff, T.J. Mozdzer, and B.A. Logan. 2021. Responses of stomatal features and photosynthesis to porewater N enrichment and elevated atmospheric CO2 in Phragmites australis, the common reed. American Journal of Botany 108(4):718-725. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1638.
26212 Database GBIF. 2013. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) Database. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. http://www.gbif.org/. Accessed on 03/05/2024.
40799 Journal Article Gedan, K.B. and E. Fernandez-Pascual. 2019. Salt marsh migration into salinized agricultural fields: A novel assembly of plant communities. Journal of Vegetation Science 30(5):1007-1015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12774.
27606 Report Getsinger, K.D., L.S. Nelson, L.A.M. Glomski, E. Kafcas, J. Schafer, S. Kogge, and M. Nurse. 2007. Control of Phragmites in a Michigan Great Lakes Marsh- Final Report. United States Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS.
28757 Database Global Invasive Species Database. Compiled by: National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) & IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). 2011. Phragmites australis. http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=301&fr=1&sts. Accessed on 04/05/2011.
41348 Journal Article Graham, A., B. Mudzrynski, E. Polzer, and D.A. Wilcox. 2022. Restoration of a Lake Ontario-connected fen through invasive Typha removal. Restoration Ecology 30(4):e13562. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13562.
35916 Journal Article Granéli, W. 1984. Reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel as an energy source in Sweden. Biomass 4(3):183-208.
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28752 Web Page Great Lakes Phragmites Collaborative: Great Lakes Commission. 2015. http://greatlakesphragmites.net/.
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40728 Journal Article Greet J. and P Rees. 2015. Slashing may have potential for controlling Phragmites australis in long‐inundated parts of a Ramsar‐listed wetland. Ecological Management & Restoration 16(3):233-236. https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12183.
40727 Journal Article Greet. J. and E. King. 2019. Slashing Phragmites (Phragmites australis) prior to planting does not promote native vegetation establishment. Ecological Management & Restoration 20(2):162-165. https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12354.
40795 Journal Article Gu, J.L., L.B. van Ardenne, and G.L. Chmura. 2020. Invasive Phragmites increases blue carbon stock and soil volume in a St. Lawrence estuary marsh. Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences 125(8):12. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jg005473.
28753 Web Page Gucker, C.L. 2008. Phragmites australis. In: Fire Effects Information System,. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/. Accessed on 05/23/2016.
40739 Journal Article Guo, W.Y., C. Lambertini, P. Pysek, L.A. Meyerson, and H. Brix. 2018. Living in two worlds: Evolutionary mechanisms act differently in the native and introduced ranges of an invasive plant. Ecology and Evolution 8(5):2440-2452. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3869.
40887 Journal Article Guo, Y.H., Y. Zhao, T.A. Rothfus, and A.S. Avalos. 2022. A novel invasive plant detection approach using time series images from unmanned aerial systems based on convolutional and recurrent neural networks. Neural Computing & Applications 34(22):20135-20147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07560-3.
20598 Journal Article Güsewell, S. 2003. Management of Phragmites australis in Swiss fen meadows by mowing in early summer. Wetlands Ecology and Management 11(6):433-445.
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41405 Journal Article Hartsock, J.A., R.J. Schwarting, K. Beaster, and N.P. Danz. 2022. Coastal wetland plant community responses to record-high Lake Superior water levels: An Allouez Bay case study. Journal of Great Lakes Research 48(3):828-836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.02.001.
28754 Journal Article Haslam, S.M. 1971. The development and establishment of young plants of Phragmites communis. Annals of Botany 35:1059-1072.
28755 Journal Article Haslam, S.M. 1972. Biological flora of the British Isles. Phragmites communis. Journal of Ecology 60:585-610.
20621 Journal Article Havens, K.J., W.I. Priest, and H. Berquist. 1997. Investigation and long-term monitoring of Phragmites australisa within Virginia's constructed wetland sites. Environmental Management 21(4):599-605.
40888 Journal Article Hazelton, E.L.G., M.K. McCormick, M. Sievers, K.M. Kettenring, and D.F. Whigham. 2015. Stand age is associated with clonal diversity, but not vigor, community, structure or insect herbivory in Chesapeake Bay Phragmites australis. Wetlands 35(5):877-888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0678-7.
40756 Journal Article Hazelton, E.L.G., R. Downard, K.M. Ketternring, M.K. McCormick, and D.F. Whigham. 2018. Spatial and temporal variation in brackish wetland seedbanks: Implications for wetland restoration following Phragmites control. Estuaries and Coasts 41:S68-S84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0289-z.
27663 Journal Article Hazelton, E.L.G., T.J. Mozdzer, D.M. Burdick, K.M. Kettenring, and D.F. Whigham. 2014. Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes. AoB Plants 6(plu001).
20628 Journal Article Hellings, S.E., and J.L. Gallagher. 1992. The effects of salinity and flooding on Phragmites australis. Journal of Applied Ecology 29(1):41-49.
40804 Journal Article Holmquist, J. R., L. Schile-Beers, K. Buffington, M. Lu, T.J. Mozdzer, J. Riera, D.E. Weller, M. Williams, J.P. Megonigal. 2021. Scalability and performance tradeoffs in quantifying relationships between elevation and tidal wetland plant communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 666:57-72. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13683.
40889 Journal Article Howard, R.J., P.S. Rafferty, and D.J. Johnson. 2020. Plant community establishment in a coastal marsh restored using sediment additions. Wetlands 40(4):877-892. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01217-z.
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41347 Journal Article Jan, I., S. Yaqoob, Z.A. Reshi, I. Rashid, and M.A. Shah. 2022. Risk assessment and management framework for rapidly spreading species in a Kashmir Himalayan Ramsar site. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 194(3):17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-09764-5.
41382 Journal Article Jensen, K., C.J. Burk, and M.M. Holland. 2018. A floristic survey and comparison of marsh vegetation ranging from non-tidal freshwater to ocean salinities along the Elbe (Germany) and Connecticut (northeastern USA) rivers. Rhodora 120(983):202-228. https://doi.org/10.3119/17-26.
40829 Journal Article Jiao, L., X.R. Liu, S.J. Wang, X.G. Dong, F. Li, and C.L. Xin. 2020. Spatial expansion strategy of the clonal modules for Phragmites australi and response to environmental factors in an inland river wetland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29(2):1185-1196. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/109302.
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40705 Thesis or Dissertation Jordan, M.A. 2022. Native Wetland Plant Recovery Following Phragmites australis Invasion. Unpublished M.S. thesis. University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/18310.
40852 Journal Article Judd, K.E. and S.N. Francoeur. 2019. Short-term impacts of Phragmites management on nutrient budgets and plant communities in Great Lakes coastal freshwater marshes. Wetlands Ecology and Management 27(1):55-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-018-9643-6.
40891 Journal Article Jung, J.A., D. Rokitnicki-Wojcik, and J.D. Midwood. 2017. Characterizing past and modeling future spread of Phragmites australis ssp australis at Long Point Penninsula, Ontario, Canada. Wetlands 37(5):961-973. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-017-0931-3.
40726 Journal Article Jung, J.A., H.N. Rogers, and G.P. Grabas. 2020. Refinement of an index of ecological condition for marsh bird communities in lower Great Lakes coastal wetlands. Ecological Indicators 113:106097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106097.
40765 Journal Article Kalu, C.M., M.E. Rauwane, and K. Ntushelo. 2021. Microbial spectra, physiological response and bioremediation potential of Phragmites australis for agricultural production. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 5:696196. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.696196.
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40893 Journal Article Kardberg, J.M., Beattie K.C., D.I. O'Dell, and K.A. Omand. 2018. Tidal hydrology and salinity drives salt marsh vegetation restoration and Phragmites australis control in New England. Wetlands 38(5):993-1003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1051-4.
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40850 Journal Article Kettenring, K.M. and D.F. Whigham. 2018. The role of porpagule type, resource availability, and seed source Phragmites invasion in Chesapeake Bay weltlands. Wetlands 38(6):1259-1268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1034-5.
40894 Book Kettenring, K.M., C.R. Cranney, R. Downard, K.R. Hambrecht, E.E. Tarsa, D.R. Menuz, and C.B. Rohal. 2020. Invasive plants of Great Salt Lake Wetlands: What, where, when, how, and why? Springer. https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1128973624 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-40352-2_13.
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40895 Journal Article Kicklighter, C.E., S. Duca, A.K.S. Jozwick, H. Locke, C. Hundley, B. Hite, and G. Hannifin. 2018. Grazer deterrence and fungal inhibition by the invasive marsh grass Phragmites australis and the native sedge Bolboschoenus robustus in a mesohaline marsh. Chemoecology 28(6):163-172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-018-0269-1.
40725 Journal Article Kim, J., J. Lee, J. Yun, Y.R. Yang, W.X. Ding, J.J. Yuan, and H. Kang. 2020. Mechanisms of enhanced methane emission due to introduction of Spartina anglica and Phragmites australis in a temperate tidal salt marsh. Ecological Engineering 153:105905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105905.
40758 Journal Article Kim, J.Y., G.Y. Kim, Y. Do, and G.J. Joo. 2015. Effects of monsoon on topography, soil variables, and coastal plants. Estuaries and Coasts 38(2):494-505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9843-0.
40896 Journal Article Kim, S., J. Kang, J.P. Megonigal, H. Kang, J. Seo, and W.X. Ding. 2018. Impacts of Phragmites australis invasion on soil enzyme activities nad microbial abundance of tidal marshes. Microbial Ecology 76(3):782-790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1168-2.
27608 Book Kiviat, E. 2010. Phragmites Management Sourcebook for the Tidal Hudson River and Northeastern States. Hudsonia, Ltd, Annadale, NY. https://doi.org/10.1.1.471.7523.
40696 Journal Article Kiviat, E., L.A. Meyerson, T.J. Mozdzer, W.J. Allen, A.H. Baldwin, G.P. Bhattarai, H. Brix, J.S. Caplan, K.M. Kettenring, C. Lambertini, J. Weis, D.F. Whigham, and J.T. Cronin. 2019. Evidence does not support the targeting of cryptic invaders at the subspecies level using classical biological control: the example of Phragmites. Biological Invasions 21(8):2529-2541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-02014-9.
40697 Journal Article Knight, I. A., B.E. Wilson, M. Gill, L. Aviles, J.T. Cronin, J.A. Nyman, S.A. Schneider, and R. Diaz. 2018. Invasion of Nipponaclerda biwakoensis (Hemiptera: Aclerdidae) and Phragmites australis die-back in southern Louisiana, USA. Biological Invasions 20(10):2739-2744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1749-5.
23432 Journal Article Kohzu, A., K. Matsui, T. Yamada, A. Sugimoto, and N. Fujita. 2003. Significance of rooting depth in mire plants: evidence from natural (15) N abundance. Ecological Research 18(3):257-266.
23633 Journal Article Koppitz, H., and H. Kühl. 2000. To the importance of genetic diversity of Phragmites australis in the development of reed stands. Wetlands Ecology and Management 8(6):403-414.
27878 News Kornacki, A., C. Forgette, T. Friona, L. Glomski, J. Shearer, and G. Dick. 2014. Restoring quality habitat and combating invasive plants at Times Beach. International Joint Commission (IJC). Detroit, MI. http://www.ijc.org/en_/blog/2014/09/30/restoring_quality_habitat_combating_invasive_plants_times_beach/. Created on 09/30/2014. Accessed on 08/18/2015.
40764 Journal Article Kowalski, K. P., C. Bacon, W. Bickford, H. Braun, K. Clay, M. Leduc-Lapierre, E. Lillard, M.K. McCormick, E. Nelson, M. Torres, J. White, and D.A. Wilcox. 2015. Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes. Frontiers in Microbiology 6:95. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00095.
35919 Thesis or Dissertation Krause, L.H., C. Rietsma, and E. Kiviat. 1996. Terrestrial insects associated with Lythrum salicaria, Phragmites australis, and Typha angustifolia in a Hudson River Tidal Marsh. Unpublished M.S. thesis. State University of New York College, New Paltz.
40228 Journal Article Krawczyk, R., Ł. Lis, and J. Urbaniak. 2017. Water parameters and species composition of macrophytes in reclamation lakes in the area of a former sulphur borehole mine (SE Poland). Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio C – Biologia 71(1):27. https://doi.org/10.17951/c.2016.71.1.27.
40817 Journal Article Krzton-Presson, A., B. Davis, K. Raper, K. Hitz, C. Mecklin, and H. Whiteman. 2018. Effects of Phragmites management on the ecology of a wetland. Northeastern Naturalist 25(3):418-436. https://doi.org/10.1656/045.025.0308.
23034 Journal Article Kühl, H. 2000. Increasing the efficiency of reed plantations on stressed lake and river shores by using special clones of Phragmites australis. Wetlands Ecology and Management 8(6):415-424.
23199 Journal Article Kuusemets, V., and K. Lõhmus. 2005. Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and biomass production by Scirpus sylvaticus and Phragmites australis in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A 40(6-7):1167-1175.
22990 Journal Article Lakatos, G., M. Kiss, and I. Mészáros. 1999. Heavy metal content of common reed (Phragmites australis/Cav./Trin. ex Steudel) and its periphyton in Hungarian shallow standing waters. Hydrobiologia 415:47-53.
40834 Journal Article Lamb, B.T., M.A. Tzortziou, and K.C. McDonald. 2021. A fused radar-optical approach for mapping wetlands and deepwaters of the Mid-Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. Remote Sensing 13(13):2495. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132495.
40698 Journal Article Lambert, A. M., K. Saltonstall, R. Long, and T.L. Dudley. 2016. Biogeography of Phragmites australis lineages in the southwestern United States. Biological Invasions 18(9):2597-2617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1164-8.
40772 Journal Article Lambert, A.M., L.A. Tewksbury, and R.Z. Casagrande. 2021. Performance of a native butterfly and introduced moth on native and itroduced lineages of Phragmites australis. Insects 12(12):1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121102.
30163 Journal Article Lambert, A.M., T.L. Dudley, and K. Saltonstall. 2010. Ecology and Impacts of the Large-Statured Invasive Grasses Arundo donax and Phragmites australis in North America. Invasive Plant Science and Management 3(4):489-494.
28769 Journal Article Lambertini,C., I.A. Mendelssohn, M.H.G Gustafsson, B. Oleson, T. Riis, B.K Sorrel, and H. Brix. 2012. Tracing the origin of Gulf Coast Phragmites (Poaceae): A story of long-distnace dispersal and hybridization. American Journal of Botany 99(3):538-551.
40847 Journal Article Larochelle, M., P. Dumont, C. Lavoie, and D. Hatin. 2015. Varying effects of common reed invasion on early life history of Northern Pike. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 144(1):196-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.982767.
40826 Journal Article Legault, R., G.P. Zogg, and S.E. Travis. 2018. Competitive interactions between native Spartina alterniflora and non-native Phragmites australis depend on nutrient loading and temperature. Plos One 13(2):12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192234.
40709 Journal Article Lei, C., S.J. Yuckin, and R.C. Rooney. 2020. Rooting depth and below ground biomass in a freshwater coastal marsh invaded by European Reed (Phragmites australis) compared with remnant uninvaded sites at Long Point, Ontario. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 133(4):364-371. https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v133i4.2281.
41358 Journal Article Lei, Y., L. Carlucci, H. Rijnaarts, and A. Langenhoff. 2023. Phytoremediation of micropollutants by Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Juncus effuses. International Journal of Phytoremediation 25(1):82-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2022.2057422.
40796 Journal Article Lemein, T., D.A. Albert, and E.D. Tuttle. 2017. Coastal wetland vegetation community classification and distribution across environmental gradients throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes. Journal of Great Lakes Research 43(4):658-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.008.
23696 Journal Article Lenssen, J.P.M., F.B.J. Menting, W.H. Van der Putten, and C.W.P.M. Blom. 2000. Variation in species composition and species richness within Phragmites australis dominated riparian zones. Plant Ecology 147(1):137-146.
22947 Journal Article Leonard, L.A., P.A. Wren, and R.L. Beavers. 2002. Flow dynamics and sedimentation in Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis marshes of the Chesapeake Bay. Wetlands 22(2):415-424.
28167 Database Les, D.H., and R.S. Capers. 2012. George Safford Torrey Herbarium (CONN). University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. http://bgbaseserver.eeb.uconn.edu/.
40897 Journal Article Li, X., B. Wen, F. Yang, A. Hartley, and X. Li. 2017. Effects of alternate flooding–drought conditions on degenerated Phragmites australis salt marsh in Northeast China. Restoration Ecology 25(5):810-819. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12500.
41359 Journal Article Li, Y., L. Yuan, H.B. Cao, C.D. Tang, X.Y. Wang, B. Tian, S.T. Dou, L.Q. Zhang, and J. Shen. 2021. A dynamic biomass model of emergent aquatic vegetation under different water levels and salinity. Ecological Modelling 440:109398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109398.
23063 Journal Article Lippert, I., H. Rolletschek, H. Kuhl, and J.G. Kohl. 1999. Internal and external nutrient cycles in stands of Phragmites australis: a model for two ecotypes. Hydrobiologia 409:343-348.
40846 Journal Article Liu, H.X., X.L. Meng, T. Jiang, X.X. Liu, and A.B. Zhang. 2016. Change detection of Phragmites australis distribution in the Detroit Wildlife Refuge based on an interative intersection analysis algorithm. Sustainability 8(3):264. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8030264.
40740 Journal Article Liu, L.L., C.P. Pei, S.N. Liu, X. Guo, N. Du, and W.H. Guo. 2018. Genetic and epigenetic changes during the invasion of a cosmopolitan species (Phragmites australis). Ecology and Evolution 8(13):6615-6624. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4144.
40774 Journal Article Long, A.L., K.M. Kettenring, and R. Toth. 2017. Prioritizing management of the invasive grass common reed (Phragmites australis) in Great Salt Lake wetlands. Invasive Plant Science and Management 10(2):155-165. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2017.20.
40851 Journal Article Long, A.L., K.M. Kettenring, C.P. Hawkins, and C.M.U. Neale. 2017. Distribution and drivers of a widespread, invasive wetland grass, Phragmites australis, in wetlands of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. Wetlands 37(1):45-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0838-4.
10742 Journal Article Lowenberg, G. 1998. What are our options? Education, control efforts & what comes next. Conservation Notes of the New England Wild Flower Society 2(3):27-30.
40227 Journal Article Lupien, N.G., G. Gauthier, and C. Lavoie. 2015. Effect of the invasive common reed on the abundance, richness and diversity of birds in freshwater marshes. Animal Conservation 18(1):32-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12135.
23235 Journal Article Lynch, E.A., and K. Saltonstall. 2002. Paleoecological and genetic analyses provide evidence for recent colonization of native Phragmites australis populations in a Lake Superior wetland. Wetlands 22(4):637-646.
36857 News M. Andrews. 2021. Rend Lake will remain closed for invasive species eradication. KFVS 12. Cape Girardeau, MO. https://www.kfvs12.com/2021/08/31/rend-lake-will-remain-closed-invasion-species-eradication/. Created on 08/31/2021. Accessed on 09/03/2021.
40708 Journal Article Machaka, M., L. Khatib, S. Baydoun, A. Elkordi, and J.J. Assaad. 2022. The effect of adding Phragmites australis fibers on the properties of concrete. Buildings 12(3):278. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12030278.
40723 Journal Article Mackay, A.J., E.J. Muturi, M.P. Ward, and B.F Allan. 2016. Cascade of ecological consequences for West Nile virus transmission when aquatic macrophytes invade stormwater habitats. Ecological Applications 26(1):219-232. https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0050.
40190 Conference Proceedings Marcaccio, J.V. and P. Chow-Fraser. 2016. Mapping options to track invasive Phragmites australis in the Great Lakes Basin in Canada. Pages 75-82 in Tulcea, Romania.
40800 Journal Article Markle, C.E. and P. Chow-Fraser. 2018. Effects of European common reed on Blanding's tutle spatial ecology. Journal of Wildlife Management 82(4):857-864. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21435.
37671 Journal Article Markle, C.E., G. Chow-Fraser and P. Chow-Fraser. 2018. Long-term habitat changes in a protected area: Implications for herpetofauna habitat management and restoration. PLOS ONE 13(2):e0192134. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192134.
28759 Journal Article Marks, M., B. Lapin, and J. Randall. 1994. Phragmites australis (P. communis): Threats, management, and monitoring. Natural Areas Journal 14:285-294.
40236 Journal Article Martin, R. M. and S. Moseman-Valtierra. 2017. Plant manipulations and diel cycle measurements test drivers of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a Phragmites australis-invaded coastal marsh. Aquatic Botany 137:16-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.11.003.
40818 Journal Article Martin, R.M. 2017. Effects of warming on invasive Phragmites australis and native Spartina patens seed germination rates and implications for response to climate change. Northeastern Naturalist24 24(2):235-238. https://doi.org/0.1656/045.024.0301.
37673 Journal Article Martina, J.P., S.W. Currie, D.E. Goldberg and K.J. Elgersma. 2016. Nitrogen loading leads to increased carbon accretion in both invaded and uninvaded coastal wetlands. Ecosphere 7(9):e01459.
28760 Web Page Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR). 2016. Office of Water Resources: Lakes and Ponds Program. http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dcr/watersupply/lakepond/factsheet/phragmites.pdf. Accessed on 05/18/2016.
40779 Journal Article Mateu, M.G., A.H. Baldwin, J.E. Maul, and S.A. Yarwood. 2020. Dark septate endophyte improves salt tolerance of native and invasive lineages of Phragmites australis. Isme Journal 14(8):1943-1954. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-0654-y.
23259 Journal Article Máthé, C., M.M. Hamvas, I. Grigorszky, G. Vasas, E, Molnár, J.B. Power, M.R. Davey, and G. Borbély. 2000. Plant regeneration from embryogenic cultures of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 63(1):81-84.
40898 Journal Article McCormick, M.K., D.F. Whigham, J.R. Stapp, E.L.G. Hazelton, E.K. McFarland, and K.M. Kettenring. 2020. Shoreline modification affects recruitment of invasive Phragmites australis. Wetlands Ecology and Management 28(6):909-919. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-020-09757-6.
42096 Journal Article McTavish, M.J., T. Smith, S. Mechanda, S.M. Smith, and R.S. Bourchier. 2023. Morphological traits for rapid and simple separation of native and introduced common reed (Phragmites australis). Invasive Plant Science and Management 16(2):110-118. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1017/inp.2023.15.
36122 Journal Article Meadows, R.E., and K. Saltonstall. 2007. Distribution of native and introduced Phragmites australis in freshwater and oligohaline tidal marshes of the Delmarva peninsula and southern New Jersey. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134(1):99-107. https://doi.org/10.3159/1095- 5674.
41360 Journal Article Meeker, J. E., D.A. Wilcox, S.E. Johnson, and N. Tillison. 2023. Tracking Vegetation Transitions Due to Invasion of Cattail (Typha) in Lake Superior Coastal Peatlands. Wetlands 43(2):15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-023-01664-9.
40237 Journal Article Melchior, P.P. and R. Weaver. 2016. Eurasian haplotype M Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., 1841 invasion in Minnesota, USA: a baseline for further monitoring in the upper Mississippi watershed. BioInvasions Records 5(2):59-65. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2016.5.2.01.
23215 Journal Article Meuleman, A.F.M., J.P. Beekman, and J.T.A. Verhoeven. 2002. Nutrient retention and nutrient-use efficiency in Phragmites australis stands after wastewater application. Wetlands 22(4):712-721.
30183 Journal Article Meyerson, L.A., A.M. Lambert, and K. Saltonstall. 2010. A Tale of Three Lineages : Expansion of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) in the U .S. Southwest and Gulf Coast. Invasive Plant Science and Management 3:515-520.
28765 Journal Article Meyerson, L.A., C. Lambertini, M.K. McCormick, and D.F. Whigham. 2012. Hybridization of common reed in North America? The answer is blowing in the wind. AoB Plants 2012:pls022.
27609 Journal Article Meyerson, L.A., D.V. Viola, and R.N. Brown. 2010. Hybridization of invasive Phragmites australis with a native subspecies in North America. Biological Invasions 12:103-111.
22444 Journal Article Meyerson, L.A., K. Saltonstall, L. Windham, E. Kiviat, and S. Findlay. 2000. A comparison of Phragmites australis in freshwater and brackish marsh environments in North America. Wetlands Ecology and Management 8(2-3):89-103.
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28967 Journal Article Middleton, B.A. 2016. Effects of salinity and flooding on post-hurricane regeneration potential in coastal wetland vegetation. American Journal of Botany 103(8):1420-1435. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600062.
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39759 Journal Article Minchin, D. and D. Higgins. 2021. Expansion of a localized population of the introduced Stratiotes aloides (Hydrocharitaceae) in Lough Derg, Ireland. British & Irish Botany 3(4):455-468. https://doi.org/10.33928/bib.2021.03.455.
40900 Journal Article Mohler, R.L. and J.M. Morse. 2022. Using UAV imagery to map invasive Phragmites australis on the Crow Island State Game Area, Michigan, USA. Wetlands Ecology and Management 30(6):1213-1229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-022-09890-4.
42899 Journal Article Mologni, F., C.E. Moffat, and J. Pither. 2023. Collating existing evidence on cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in riparian ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada: a systematic map protocol. Environmental Evidence 12(31):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-023-00320-3.
22801 Journal Article Monteiro, A., I. Moreira, and E. Sousa. 1999. Effect of prior common reed (Phragmites australis) cutting on herbicide efficacy. Hydrobiologia 415:305-308.
23698 Journal Article Moore, H.H., W.A. Niering, L.J. Marsicano, and M. Dowdell. 1999. Vegetation change in created emergent wetlands (1988-1996) in Connecticut (USA). Wetlands Ecology and Management 7(4):177-191.
22646 Journal Article Moreira, I., A. Monteiro, and E. Sousa. 1999. Chemical control of common reed (Phragmites australis) by foliar herbicides under different spray conditions. Hydrobiologia 415:299-304.
22537 Journal Article Moreira, I., T. Ferreira, A. Monteiro, L. Catarino, and T. Vasconcelos. 1999. Aquatic weeds and their management in Portugal: insights and the international context. Hydrobiologia 415:229-234.
41361 Journal Article Morey, A.C. and R.C. Venette. 2021. A participatory method for prioritizing invasive species: Ranking threats to Minnesota's terrestrial ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Management 290:112556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112556.
40766 Journal Article Mozdzer, T.J. and J.S. Caplan. 2018. Complementary responses of morphology and physiology enhance the stand-scale production of a model invasive species under elevated CO2 and nitrogen. Functional Ecology 32(7):1784-1796. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13106.
40717 Thesis or Dissertation Mulholland S.N. 2019. Competition or facilitation: Examination of interactions between endangered Sida hermaphrodita and invasive Phragmites australis. Unpublished M.S. thesis. Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Otario, Canada. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/2223/.
23612 Journal Article Müller, U. 1999. The vertical zonation of adpressed diatoms and other epiphytic algae on Phragmites australis. European Journal of Phycology 34(4):487-496.
37819 Journal Article Muss, J.D., D.F. Austin, and J.R. Snyder. 2003. Plants of the Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 130(2):119-142. https://doi.org/3557535.
40899 Journal Article Netshiongolwe, N.R., R.N. Cuthbert, M.M. Maenetje, L.D. Chari, S.N. Motitsoe, R.J. Wasserman, L.F. Munyai, and T. Dalu. 2020. Quantifying metal contamination and potential uptake by Phragmites australis Adans. (Poacae) along a subtropical river system. Plants 9(7):846. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070846.
40808 Journal Article Oh, D.H., K.P. Kowalski, Q.N. Quach, C. Wijesinghege, P. Tanford, M. Dassanayake, and K. Clay. 2022. Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed). Molecular Ecology 31(4):1142-1159. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16293.
23159 Journal Article Oliveira, J.S., J.A. Femandes, C. Alves, J. Morais, and P. Urbano. 1999. Metals in sediment and water of three reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Stend.) stands. Hydrobiologia 415:41-45.
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22463 Journal Article Orson, R.A. 1999. A paleoecological assessment of Phragmites australis in New England tidal marshes: changes in plant community structure during the last few millennia. Biological Invasions 1(2-3):149-158.
22761 Journal Article Ostendorp, W., M. Dienst, and K. Schmieder. 2003. Disturbance and rehabilitation of lakeside Phragmites reeds following an extreme flood in Lake Constance (Germany). Hydrobiologia 506-509(1-3):687-695.
37674 Journal Article Packer, J.G., G.Ganf, C. Kueffer, J.M. Facelli and P. Pyšek. 2021. Endemic macrophyte is more plastic than two cosmopolitan species in fluctuating water levels and nutrient-enriched conditions. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 145(1):25-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2020.1848981.
40787 Journal Article Packer, J.G., L.A. Meyerson, H. Skalova, P. Pysek, and C. Kueffer. 2017. Biological flora of the British Isles: Phragmites australis. Journal of Ecology 105(4):1123-1162. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12797.
40775 Journal Article Prince, C.M., G.E. MacDonald, and J.E. Erickson. 2018. Effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide concentrations on the response of two common reed (Phragmites australis) haplotypes to glyphosate. Invasive Plant Science and Management 11(4):181-190. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2018.25.
22759 Journal Article Pyke, C.R., and K.J. Havens. 1999. Distribution of the invasive reed Phragmites australis relative to sediment depth in a created wetland. Wetlands 19(1):283-287.
40735 Journal Article Pysek, P., H. Skalova, J. Cuda, W.Y. Guo, J. Suda, J. Dolezal, O. Kauzal, C. Lambertini, M. Lucanova, T. Mandakova, L. Moravcova, K. Pyskova, H. Brix, and L.A. Meyerson. 2018. Small genome separates native and invasive populations in an ecologically important cosmopolitan grass. Ecology 99(1):79-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2068.
40741 Journal Article Pysek, P., J. Cuda, P. Smilauer, H. Skalova, Z. Chumova, C. Lambertini, M. Lucanova, H. Rysava, P. Travnicek, K. Semberova, and L.A. Meyerson. 2020. Competition among native and invasive Phragmites australis populations: An experimental test of the effects of invasion status, genome size, and ploidy level. Ecology and Evolution 10(3):1106-1118. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5907.
40742 Journal Article Qiu, T, Z.Y. Liu, Y.F. Yang, and B. Liu. 2021. Epigenetic variation associated with responses to different habitats in the context of genetic divergence in Phragmites australis. Ecology and Evolution 11(17):11874-11889. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7954.
40901 Journal Article Quach, Q.N., T. Thrasher, K.P. Kowalski, and K. Clay. 2022. Fungal endophyte effects on invasive Phragmites australis performance in field and growth chamber environments. Fungal Ecology 57(58):101153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101153.
40699 Journal Article Quirion, B., Z. Simek, A. Davalos, and B. Blossey. 2018. Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication. Biological Invasions 20(1):59-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1513-2.
40746 Journal Article Reijers, V.C., M. van den Akker, P.M.J.M. Cruijsen, L.P.M. Lamers, and T. van der Heide. 2019. Intraspecific facilitation explains the persistence of Phragmites australis in modified coastal wetlands. Ecosphere 10(8):e02842. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2842.
40780 Journal Article Reijers, V.C., P.M.J.M. Cruijsen, S.C.S. Hoetjes, M. van den Akker, J.H.T. Heusinkveld, J. van de Koppel, L.P.M. Lamers, H. Olff, and T. van der Heide. 2019. Loss of spatial structure after temporary herbivore absence in a high‐productivity reed marsh. Journal of Applied Ecology 56(7):1817-1826. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13394.
37229 Database Reitsma, J. 2021. BLM - National Invasive Species Information Management System - Plants. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.15468/y4xndh.
40788 Journal Article Ren, L. J., X. Guo, S.N. Liu, T. Yu, W.H. Guo, R.Q. Wang, S.Y. Ye, C. Lambertini, H. Brix, and F. Eller. 2020. Intraspecific variation in Phragmites australis: Clinal adaption of functional traits and phenotypic plasticity vary with latitude of origin. Journal of Ecology 108(6):2531-2543. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13401.
40751 Journal Article Rezania, S., J. Park, P.F. Rupani, N. Darajeh, X. Xu, and R. Shahrokhishahraki. 2019. Phytoremediation potential and control of Phragmites australis as a green phytomass: an overview. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26(8):7428-7441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04300-4.
22662 Journal Article Rice, D., J. Rooth, and J.C. Stevenson. 2000. Colonization and expansion of Phragmites australis in upper Chesapeake Bay tidal marshes. Wetlands 20(2):280-299.
22828 Journal Article Richburg, J.A., W.A. Patterson, and F. Lowenstein. 2001. Effects of road salt and Phragmites australis invasion on the vegetation of a western Massachusetts calcareous lake-basin fen. Wetlands 21(2):247-255.
22630 Journal Article Roberts, J. 2000. Changes in Phragmites australis in south-eastern Australia: a habitat assessment. Folia Geobotanica and Phytotaxonomica 35(4):353-362.
36123 Journal Article Robichaud, C.D., and R.C. Rooney. 2017. Long-term effects of a Phragmites australis invasion on birds in a Lake Erie coastal marsh. Journal of Great Lakes Research 43(3):141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.03.018.
40902 Journal Article Robichaud, C.D., and R.C. Rooney. 2021. Effective suppression of established invasive Phragmites australis leads to secondary invasion in a coastal marsh. Invasive Plant Science and Management 14(1):9-19. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2021.2.
39463 Journal Article Robichaud, C.D., and R.C. Rooney. 2022. Differences in above-ground resource acquisition and niche overlap between a model invader (Phragmites australis) and resident plant species: measuring the role of fitness and niche differences in the field. Biological Invasions 24:649-682. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-021-02674-6.
42318 Journal Article Robichaud, C.D., and R.C. Rooney. 2023. Invasive grass causes biotic homogenization in wetland birds in a Lake Erie coastal marsh. Hydrobiologia 849:3197-3212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04925-6.
40747 Journal Article Rohal, C.B, E.L.G. Hazelton, E.K. McFarland, R. Downard, M.K. McCormick, D.F. Whigham, and K.M. Kettenring. 2023. Landscape and site factors drive invasive Phragmites management and native plant recovery across Chesapeake Bay wetlands. Ecosphere 14(1):e4392. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4392.
37657 Journal Article Rohal, C.B., C. Cranney, and K.M. Kettenring. 2019. Abiotic and Landscape Factors Constrain Restoration Outcomes Across Spatial Scales of a Widespread Invasive Plant. Frontiers in Plant Science 10:481. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00481.
40743 Journal Article Rohal, C.B., C. Cranney, E.L.G. Hazelton, and K.M. Kettenring. 2019. Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent. Ecology and Evolution 9(24):13835-13849. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5820.
40234 Journal Article Rohal, C.B., C.R. Adams, L.K. Reynolds, E.L.G. Hazelton, and K.M. Kettenring. 2021. Do common assumptions about the wetland seed bank following invasive plant removal hold true? Divergent outcomes following multi‐year Phragmites australis management. Applied Vegetation Science24 24(4):15. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12626.
40792 Journal Article Rohal, C.B., K.M. Kettenring, K. Sims, E.L.G. Hazelton, and Z. Ma. 2018. Surveying managers to inform a regionally relevant invasive Phragmites australis control research program. Journal of Environmental Management 206:807-816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.049.
37658 Journal Article Roley, S.S., J.L. Tank, M.R. Grace and P.L.M. Cook. 2018. The influence of an invasive plant on denitrification in an urban wetland. Freshwater Biology 63(4):353-365. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13073.
23024 Journal Article Rolletschek, H., A. Bumiller, R. Henze, and J.G. Kohl. 1998. Implications of missing efflux sites on convective ventilation and amino acid metabolism in Phragmites australis. New Phytologist 140(2):211-217.
23251 Journal Article Rolletschek, H., A. Rolletschek, T. Hartzendorf, and J.G. Kohl. 2000. Physiological consequences of mowing and burning of Phragmites australis stands for rhizome ventilation and amino acid metabolism. Wetlands Ecology and Management 8(6):425-433.
22829 Journal Article Rolletschek, H., and T. Hartzendorf. 2000. Effects of salinity and convective rhizome ventilation on amino acid and carbohydrate patterns of Phragmites australis populations in the Neusiedler See Region of Austria and Hungary. New Phytologist 146(1):95-105.
36124 Journal Article Roman, C.T., W.A. Niering, and R.S. Warren. 1984. Salt marsh vegetation change in response to tidal restriction. Environmental Management 8(2):141-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01866935.
40186 Report Rook, N.A., N.E. Mandrak, S.M. Reid, and J. Barnucz. 2016. Evaluation of the effects of habitat restoration on fish species at risk within Crown Marsh, Long Point Bay, Lake Erie, Ontario. Burlington, ON, Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). http://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/40596552.pdf.
23417 Journal Article Rooth, J.E., and J.C. Stevenson. 2000. Sediment deposition patterns in Phragmites australis communities: implications for coastal areas threatened by rising sea-level. Wetlands Ecology and Management 8(2-3):173-183.
27611 Journal Article Rudrappa, T., Y.S. Choi, D.F. Levia, D.R. Legates, K.H. Lee, and H.P. Bais. 2009. Phragmites australis root secreted phytotoxin undergoes photo-degradation to execute severe phytotoxicity. Plant Signaling and Behavior 4(6):506-513.
40903 Journal Article Rupasinghe, P. A. and P. Chow-Fraser. 2019. Identification of most spectrally distinguishable phenological stage of invasive Phramites australis in Lake Erie wetlands (Canada) for accurate mapping using multispectral satellite imagery. Wetlands Ecology and Management 27(4):513-538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-019-09675-2.
40700 Journal Article Rupasinghe, P.A., and P. Chow-Fraser. 2021. Mapping Phragmites cover using WorldView 2/3 and Sentinel 2 images at Lake Erie Wetlands, Canada. Biological Invasions 23(4):1231-1247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02432-0.
40853 Journal Article Rutherford, R., J.A. Hartsock, and N.P. Danz. 2022. Physical and plant community changes at a Lake Michigan coastal marsh related to a two-meter increase in lake level. Wetlands Ecology and Management 30(3):547-560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-022-09879-z.
42194 Thesis or Dissertation Sackett, Dani. 2023. Observation to Action: How geospatial data is used for the tracking and management of Invasive Phragmites in Minnesota. Unpublished M.S. thesis. University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN. https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/254413/Thesis%20Phragmites%204_23.docx.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
22713 Journal Article Saltonstall, K. 2002. Cryptic invasion by a non-native genotype of the common reed, Phragmites australis, into North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99(4):2445-2449.
23338 Other Cut-and-paste reference not available due to unhandled reference type. Please contact support to request the addition of the 'Other' type.
28762 Web Page Saltonstall, K. 2005. Weeds Gone Wild: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas. http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien. Accessed on 05/18/2016.
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40701 Journal Article Saltonstall, K., A.M. Lambert, and N. Rice. 2016. What happens in Vegas, better stay in Vegas: Phragmites australis hybrids in the Las Vegas Wash. Biological Invasions 18(9):2463-2474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1167-5.
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40759 Journal Article Schenck, F.R., T.C. Hanley, R.E. Beighley, and A.R. Hughes. 2018. Phenotypic variation among invasive Phramites australis populations does not influence salinity tolerance. Estuaries and Coasts 41(3):896-907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0318-y.
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40724 Journal Article Sharp, S.J., K.J. Elgersma, J.P. Marina, and W.S. Currie. 2021. Hydrologic flushing rates drive nitrogen cycling and plant invasion in a freshwater coastal wetland model. Ecological Applications 31(2):e02233. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2233.
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40702 Journal Article Stabile, J., D. Lipus, L. Maceda, M. Maltz, N. Roy, and I. Wirgin. 2016. Microsatellite DNA analysis of spatial and temporal population structuring of Phragmites australis along the Hudson River Estuary. Biological Invasions 18(9):2517-2529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1157-7.
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42918 Journal Article Tang, H., Y. Liu, Y. Lou, D. Yu, M. Zhou, X. Lu, and M. Jiang. 2024. Nitrogen availability affects the responses of marsh grass and sedge plants (Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis) to flooding time. Science of The Total Environment 908(168008):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168008.
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22979 Journal Article Weis, J.S., L. Windham, C. Santiago-Bass, and P. Weis. 2002. Growth, survival, and metal content of marsh invertebrates fed diets of detritus from Spartina alterniflora Loisel. and Phragmites australis Cav. Trin. ex Steud. from metal-contaminated and clean sites. Wetlands Ecology and Management 10(1):71-84.
40797 Journal Article Wendell, D.L., X.M. Huang, B. Gryspeerd, and J. Freeland. 2021. A simple screen to detect hybrids between native and introduced Phragmites australis in the United States and Canada. Journal of Great Lakes Research 47(5):1453-1457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.08.002.
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22481 Journal Article Wiessner, A., P. Kuschk, M. Kastner, and U. Stottmeister. 2002. Abilities of helophyte species to release oxygen into rhizospheres with varying redox conditions in laboratory-scale hydroponic systems. International Journal of Phytoremediation 4(1):1-15.
22799 Journal Article Wijte, A.H.B.M., and J.L. Gallagher. 1996. Effect of oxygen availability and salinity on early life history stages of salt marsh plants. I. Different germination strategies of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis (Poaceae). American Journal of Botany 83(10):1337-1342.
22800 Journal Article Wijte, A.H.B.M., and J.L. Gallagher. 1996. Effect of oxygen availability and salinity on early life history stages of salt marsh plants. II. Early seedling development advantage of Spartina alterniflora over Phragmites australis (Poaceae). American Journal of Botany 83(10):1343-1350.
40226 Journal Article Williams, J., A.M. Lambert, R. Long, and K. Saltonstall. 2019. Does hybrid Phragmites australis differ from native and introduced lineages in reproductive, genetic, and morphological traits? American Journal of Botany 106(1):29-41. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1217.
23165 Journal Article Windham, L. 1999. Microscale spatial distribution of Phragmites australis (common reed) invasion into Spartina patens (salt hay)-dominated communities in brackish tidal marsh. Biological Invasions 1(2-3):137-148.
22670 Journal Article Windham, L. 2001. Comparison of biomass production and decomposition between Phragmites australis (common reed) and Spartina patens (salt hay grass) in brackish tidal marshes of New Jersey, USA. Wetlands 21(2):179-188.
20808 Journal Article Windham, L., and R.G. Lathrop. 1999. Effects of Phragmites australis (common reed) invasion on aboveground biomass and soil properties in brackish tidal marsh of the Mullica River, New Jersey. Estuaries 22(4):927-935.
42230 Journal Article Wong, P.K., Y. Liang, N.Y. Ying, and J. Qiu. 2010. Palatability of macrophytes to the invasive freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata: differential effects of multiple plant traits. Freshwater Biology 55:2023 - 2031. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02458.x.
28767 Journal Article Wu, C.A., L.A. Murray, and K. Heffernan. 2015. Evidence for natural hybridization between native and introduced lineages of Phragmites australis in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. American Journal of Botany 102(5):805-812. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500018.
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23669 Journal Article Xu, S., A.C. Leri, S.C.B. Myneni, and P.R. Jaffe. 2004. Uptake of bromide by two wetland plants (Typha latifolia L. and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud). Environmental Science and Technology 38(21):5642-5648.
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40704 Journal Article Yarwood, S.A. A.H. Baldwin, M.G. Mateu, and J.S. Buyer. 2016. Archaeal rhizosphere communities differ between the native and invasive lineages of the wetland plant Phragmites australis (common reed) in a Chesapeake Bay subestuary. Biological Invasions 18(9):2717-2728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1144-z.
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40839 Journal Article Zengel, S., J. Weaver, S.L. Wilder, J. Dauzat, C. Sanfilippo, M.S. Miles, K. Jellison, P. Doelling, A. Davis, B.K. Fortier, J. Harris, J. Panaccione, S. Wall, and Z. Nixon. 2018. Vegetation recovery in an oil-impacted and burned Phragmites australis tidal freshwater marsh. Science of the Total Environment 612:231-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.221.
40911 Journal Article Zhang, N., J.W. Zhang, Y.H. Yang, X.Y. Li, J.X. Lin, Z.L. Li, L.Y. Cheng, J.F. Wang, C.S. Mu, and A.X. Wang. 2015. Effects of lead contamination on the clonal propagative ability of Phragmites australis (common reed) grown in wet and dry environments. Plant Biology 17(4):893-903. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12317.
41381 Journal Article Zhao, Y.T., G.D. Wang, M.L. Zhao, M. Wang, N.L. Hu, M. Jiang, and L. Qiu. 2021. The potentials of wetland restoration after farming differ between community types due to their differences in seed limit and salt tolerances in the Songnen Plain, China. Ecological Indicators 131:108145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108145.
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Citation information: U.S. Geological Survey. [2024]. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Gainesville, Florida. Accessed [11/21/2024].

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