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| Dussart, G.B.J. 1979. Sphaerium corneum (L.) and Pisidium spp. Pfeiffer - the ecology of fresh water bivalve mollusks in relation to water chemistry. Journal of Molluscan Studies 45(1):18-34. |
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| Holopainen, I.J., and G.R. Lopez. 1989. Functional anatomy and histology of the digestive tract of fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae, Bivalvia). Annales Zoologici Fennici 26:61-72. |
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| Krieger, K.A. 1984. Benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators of environmental degradation in the southern nearshore zone of the central basin of Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 10(2):197-209. |
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| Letarte, Y., and G. Vaillancourt. 1988. Biomass production, productivity and reproduction in a population of Sphaerium corneum (Linnaeus) (Mollusca: Bivalvia, Sphaeriidae) from Lake St. Pierre, St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada. Naturaliste Canadien (Quebec) 115(1):65-76. |
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| Mackie, G.L. 1995. Adaptations of North American exotic mollusca for life in regulated rivers and their potential impacts. Pages 37-78 in Hamilton, S.W., D.S. White, E.W. Chester, and A.F. Scott, eds. Proceedings of the 6th symposium on the natural history of the lower Tennessee and Cumberland River Valleys. Center for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University. Clarksville, TN. |
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| Mackie, G.L. 2000. Ballast water introductions of Mollusca. Pages 219-254 in Claudi, R., and J.H. Leach, eds. Nonindigenous freshwater organisms: vectors, biology, and impacts. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. |
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| Mackie, G.L. 2007. Biology of freshwater Corbiculid and Sphaeriid clams of North America. Volume XV. Ohio Biological Survey. |
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| Mackie, G.L., D.S. White, and T.W. Zdeba. 1980. A guide to freshwater mollusks of the Laurentian Great Lakes with special emphasis on the genus Pisidium. Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U S Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 . |
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| Mills, E.L., D.L. Strayer, M.D. Scheuerell, and J.T. Carlton. 1996. Exotic species in the Hudson River basin: A history of invasions and introductions. Estuaries 19(4):814-823. |
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| Mills, E.L., J.H. Leach, J.T. Carlton, and C.L. Secor. 1993. Exotic species in the Great Lakes: a history of biotic crises and anthropogenic introductions. Journal of Great Lakes Research 19(1):1-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(93)71197-1. |
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| North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences. 2013. North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences invertebrate collection. Accessed through GBIF data portal, http://data.gbif.org/datasets/resource/8100. North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC. http://data.gbif.org/datasets/resource/8100. Created on 02/10/2009. Accessed on 04/11/2013. |
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| Peckarsky, B.L., P.R. Fraissinet, M.A. Penton, and D.J. Conklin Jr. 1993. Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Northeastern North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York State. |
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| Petkeviciutie, R., V. Stunzenas, and G. Stanevicte. 2004. Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adult Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gargoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves. Parasitology 129(6):771-778. |
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